高速球轴承冠形保持架振动特性研究  

A study on vibration characteristics of crown cages in high speed ball bearings

作　　者：贾晓芳 邓凯文[1] 唐志霖 崔永存[1] 张文虎 邓四二[1,2,3] JIA Xiaofang;DENG Kaiwen;TANG Zhilin;CUI Yongcun;ZHANG Wenhu;DENG Si’er(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China;National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Major Machine Manufacturing in Liaoning,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学机电工程学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南科技大学高端轴承摩擦学技术与应用国家地方联合工程实验室,河南洛阳471023 [3]辽宁重大装备制造协同创新中心,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第12期16-23,30,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2021C01095);国家自然科学基金(52005158)。

摘　　要：冠形保持架重心位置直接影响高速深沟球轴承保持架动态性能,进而影响轴承高速工作性能和使用寿命。针对一种新型深沟球轴承修形冠形保持架,给出了冠形保持架修形半径与其重心位置的关系式,结合滚动轴承动力学理论,建立了深沟球轴承非线性动力学微分方程组,采用预估-矫正变步长积分法对轴承非线性动力学微分方程组进行求解,在此基础上,对冠形保持架修形半径与保持架振动特性的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明:冠形保持架修形半径能改变保持架重心与保持架兜孔中心面距离,降低保持架运转过程的附加力矩,有效降低保持架的振动;过大或过小的修形半径不利于减弱保持架的振动,当高速球轴承保持架修形半径为8.3 mm时,保持架加速度级达到最小,此时保持架振动最低;随着轴承使用条件改变,保持架振动加速度级随径向载荷增加呈现先增大后减小趋势;此外,保持架振动加速度级随轴承转速增加而增大,在轴承运行速度不变的情况下,考虑选取合适的保持架修形半径达到减弱保持架振动的效果;当轴向载荷与轴承额定动载荷比值在0.6%~0.8%时,保持架振动结果较小且轴承寿命较高。The center of gravity of the crown cage directly affects the cage’s dynamic performance in high-speed deep groove ball bearings,which in turn affects the high-speed performance and service life of the bearings.Aiming at a new type of modified crown cage,the equations between modified radius and the center of gravity were given.Combining the dynamics theory,the nonlinear dynamic differential equations of deep groove ball bearings were established.In addition,the predict-correct integral algorithm with variable step was applied to solve dynamic equations.On this basis,the relationship between modified radius and the vibration performance was analyzed.Results show that the crown cage modified radius can reduce the additional moment,and effectively reduces the vibration of the cage through changing the distance between the center of gravity and the center surface of the cage pocket.Too large or too small modified radius is not conducive to reducing the vibration of the cage.When the modified radius is 8.3 mm,the cage acceleration level reaches the minimum and the cage vibration is the lowest.As the service conditions of the bearing change,the vibration results show a trend which first increase and then decrease with the change of radial load.The vibration acceleration level of the cage increases with the increase of the bearing speed.Under the condition that the bearing operating speed is unchanged,the appropriate modified radius of the cage can be selected to reduce the vibration effect.When the ratio of the axial load to the dynamic load rating of the bearing is in the range of 0.6%-0.8%,the cage vibration result is smaller and the bearing life is longer.

关 键 词：高速深沟球轴承 冠形保持架重心位置 修形设计 振动特性 

分 类 号：TH133.334[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]