从村民自治到依法治理:集体成员资格认定的路径选择——破解外嫁女成员资格认定的难题  

From Villagers’Autonomy to Governance According to Law:The Path Choice of Rural Married Out Women’s Collective Membership

作　　者：李慧英[1] LI Huiying

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院),100091

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2022年第4期36-45,共10页Journal of China Women＇s University

摘　　要：我国集体成员资格认定面临着路径的重新选择,即由村民自治转向依法治理。从1998年以来,我国集体组织一直采取少数服从多数的办法,认定外嫁女成员资格,将其纳入村民自治范畴,形成处理集体成员权纠纷的依赖路径。由此,导致外嫁女成员权受损,集体收益分配不公加剧,人口性别结构失衡。依据各地司法部门、地方政府和村集体组织另辟蹊径、积极探索依法认定成员资格的成功经验,建议在全国人大正在酝酿的《农村集体经济组织法》中认定成员资格,建立全国统一的标准,强化政府的责任与集体组织的执行力,从根本上化解外嫁女成员资格认定的难题。The identification of collective membership in contemporary China is facing a new choice of path,that is,from villagers’autonomy to governance according to law.Since 1998,China’s collective organizations have recognized married out women’s membership by majority rules,which has been included in the scope of villagers’autonomy,forming a path dependence for dealing with collective membership disputes.The legislative recognition of membership has always been a legal gap,which makes it difficult for the judiciary to effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of collective members.In order to resolve the difficult problem of the membership recognition of rural married out women,local judicial departments,local governments and village collective organizations have found another way to actively explore the membership recognition according to law.This article suggests that the legislation of membership should be formulated in the collective economic organization law,the national unified and fair standard should be established,and the responsibility and execution of the government should be strengthened.

关 键 词：集体组织 成员资格 个体权利 多数决定 立法认定 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]