云南永善县五莲峰市级自然保护区鸟兽多样性红外相机调查  

Infrared Camera Survey on Mammal and Bird Diversity in Wulianfeng Municipal Nature Reserve of Yongshan,Yunnan

作　　者：高映俊 吴文友 龙永才 宋仕贤 李旭[1,5] 马国强 Gao Yingjun;Wu Wenyou;Long Yongcai;Song Shixian;Li Xu;Ma Guoqiang(College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Yongshan,Yongshan,Yunnan 657300,China;Yunnan Management Bureau of National Rare and Endemic Fishes Nature Reserve in Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda,Dujiangyan,Sichuan 611830,China;Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Southwest Investigation and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Kunming,Yunnan 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南永善县林业和草原局,云南永善57300 [3]长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区云南管护局,云南昭通657000 [4]中国大熊猫保护研究中心,四川都江堰611830 [5]云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [6]国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2022年第3期379-387,共9页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：大熊猫国际合作资金项目(林护发[2017]115号);云南省重点学科野生动植物保护与利用项目(XKZ200904);云南省林学一流学科建设项目(51600625)。

摘　　要：云南永善县五莲峰市级自然保护区位于五莲峰山脉,为横断山脉凉山山系最东支,该区域生物多样性丰富,但保护区成立至今未对野生动物资源进行过全面调查。为掌握保护区内野生动物多样性现状,2019年4月—2020年3月,利用红外相机技术和公里网格方案对保护区内的兽类和鸟类开展监测。共布设40台红外相机,累计3315个相机有效监测日,获得照片15259张,视频5009段,独立有效记录682次;共鉴定出兽类4目11科19种和鸟类4目11科28种。其中,国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物两种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物17种,被《中国脊椎动物红色名录》列为濒危(EN)的物种1种,即四川山鹧鸪(Arborophila rufipectus),易危(VU)和近危(NT)物种分别有8和10种。兽类相对丰富度指数居前五位的依次为红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)(RAI=3.44)、野猪(Sus scrofa)(RAI=2.47)、猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)(RAI=2.32)、毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)(RAI=1.96)和果子狸(Paguma larvata)(RAI=1.05)。鸟类相对丰富度指数居前三位的依次为白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)(RAI=1.12)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)(RAI=0.94)和白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)(RAI=0.72)。核心区、缓冲区和实验区的物种数和多样性指数均差异不显著。Wulianfeng Municipal Nature Reserve of Yongshan in Yunnan is located in Wulianfeng Mountain,which is a part of eastern Liangshan Mountains and rich in biodiversity.Comprehensive survey of wildlife resources was not conducted since the reserve was established.In order to know status of wildlife diversity in the reserve,mammals and birds were monitored by infrared camera technology and kilometer grid scheme.40 infra red camera traps were set in the reserve from April 2019 to March 2020,collecting 3315 efficient camera days,15259 photos,5009 videos and 682 independent efficient records.A total of 19 mammal species belonging to11 families and 4 orders,and 28 bird species belonging to 11 families and 4 orders were identified.2 species were the classⅠnational key protected wild animals and 17 species were the classⅡnational key protected wild animals.According to the Red List of China’s Vertebrates,Arborophila rufipectus was evaluated as Endangered,8 as Vulnerable and 10 as Near threatened.Based on relative abundance index(RAI),Dremomys pyrrhomerus(RAI=3.44),Sus scrofa(RAI=2.47),Arctonyx collaris(RAI=2.32),Elaphodus cephalophus(RAI=1.96)and Paguma larvata(RAI=1.05)were top five mammal species.Lophura nycthemera(RAI=1.12),Tragopan temminckii(RAI=0.94)and Chrysolophus amherstiae(RAI=0.72)were top three bird species.There were no significant differences in species number and species diversity index among core zone,buffer zone and experimental zone.

关 键 词：红外相机技术 鸟兽多样性 相对丰富度 永善县五莲峰市级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.2[生物学—动物学]