生防菌在农业中的应用及其机制研究进展  

Research progress of application and mechanism of biocontrol bacteria in agriculture

作　　者：陈忠男 王志刚[1,2] 徐伟慧[1,2] CHEN Zhongnan;WANG Zhigang;XU Weihui(School of Life Sciences,Agriculture and Forestry,Qiqihar 161006,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔大学黑龙江省农业微生物制剂产业化技术创新中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《高师理科学刊》2022年第6期89-94,110,共7页Journal of Science of Teachers＇College and University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2019C068);黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费项目(135509804,135509802)。

摘　　要：植物病害是限制作物产量和品质的主要因子.化学防治是防治病害的重要手段,但因其带来的“3R(Residue,Resistance,Resurgence)”问题,严重制约农业可持续发展.生物防治因其绿色、环保、安全等优势,近年来,生防菌剂的开发、应用及机制研究已成为热点问题.从不同生防菌在不同病害上的应用、生防机制研究进展方面进行了探讨.生防机制包括:分泌次级代谢产物、诱导系统抗性、竞争作用、重寄生、生物膜形成、分泌胞外酶、钝化病原菌毒素、改变土壤微生物群落结构等,并指出了生防菌在植物病害防治中存在的问题,展望了生防菌剂的研究方向,以期为植物病害的生防研究提供参考.Crop yield and quality have been restricted by various kinds of plant dieases.Chemical control has been considered an important means to control plant disease.However,use chemical fungicides caused the 3R problem,which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture.Biocontrol is an effective,safe and sustainable methods.In recent years,the exploitation,application and mechanism of biocontrol bacteria have become a hot issue.This manuscript focuses on the application of different biocontrol bacteria in different diseases and the research progress of biocontrol mechanism.The multiple biocontrol mechanism of biocontrol bacteria against pathogens,including production of secondary metabolites,induction of systemic resistance,competition,mycoparasitism,biofilm formation,secretion of extracellular enzymes,inactivation of pathogen toxins,changing the structure of soil microbial community,etc.And the problems of biocontrol bacteria in plant disease controlling were pointed out and the research direction of biocontrol bacteria was prospected,so as to provide reference for the research of biocontrol bacteria in plant disease control.

关 键 词：生防菌 植物病害 生防机制 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]