基于复杂网络理论的杂货码头企业生产安全事故致因分析  

Analysis on Accident Cause of Work Safety of General Cargo Terminal Enterprises Based on Complex Network Theory

作　　者：宋志雷 陈明义 孟国栋 王景春[1,2] 张雪洁 SONG Zhilei;CHEN Mingyi;MENG Guodong;WANG Jingchun;ZHANG Xuejie(Collaborative Innovation Center for Performance and Safety of Large-scale Infrastructure,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043,China;School of Safety Engineering and Emergency Management,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043,China;Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,M.O.T.,Tianjin 300000,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学大型基础设施性能与安全省部共建协同创新中心,河北石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学安全工程与应急管理学院,河北石家庄050043 [3]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究院,天津300000

出　　处：《安全》2022年第6期44-51,共8页Safety & Security

摘　　要：确定杂货码头事故致因因素及其相互关系,是预防杂货码头企业生产安全事故的关键。本文针对某杂货码头企业在2018-2020年的76起生产安全事故案例,运用事件链法、复杂网络理论开展事故致因因素及致因网络研究,主要获得如下结论:统计确定杂货码头企业的8类安全事故,并将提取的事故致因因素划分为人因、设备设施、环境、管理4类,获得70项事件链并构建出杂货码头生产安全事故致因网络模型;在事故预防中应加强对Hub节点的安全管理,其中“安全意识淡薄”“违章操作”“站位不当”“观察工作环境不到位”是影响事故发生的关键因素;针对“机损事故”和“起重伤害”2类典型事故,人因层和设备设施层的致因因素均起到关键作用,应加强人员安全教育与技能培训以及机械装备的检查、维护与更新,以提升杂货码头企业安全水平。The determination of accident cause factors and their relationships are the key to prevent work safety accidents in general cargo terminal enterprises.In this paper,aiming at the 76 work safety accident cases from 2018 to 2020 in a general cargo terminal enterprise,the event chain method and complex network theory were used to study the accident cause factors and accident cause network.The main conclusions are as follows:Eight types of accidents in general cargo terminal enterprises are obtained through statistical method,and the accident cause factors are divided into four event layers,namely human factor,equipment and facility,and environment and management,and 70 event chains are obtained and the general cargo terminal accident cause network is constructed;The safety management of Hub nodes should be strengthened in the accident prevention,in which"weak safety awareness","illegal operation","improper position",and"inadequate observation of the working environment"are the key factors affecting the occurrence of accidents;For the two typical accidents of"mechanical failure"and"lifting injury",the human factor layer and equipment and facilities layer play a key role.Therefore,in order to improve the safety level of the general cargo terminal enterprise,it is necessary to strengthen personnel safety education and skill training,as well as the inspection,maintenance and renewal of the machinery and equipment.

关 键 词：生产安全事故 危险源 事件链 致因网络模型 复杂网络理论 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U698.5[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]