新型冠状病毒疫情期间支气管哮喘患儿发病情况变化分析  

Analysis of changes in the morbidity of children with bronchial asthma during novel coronavirus epidemic

作　　者：张霖 郭晓杰 张国霞[2] 薛萌 李志勇[2] ZHANG Lin;GUO Xiaojie;ZHANG Guoxia;XUE Meng;LI Zhiyong(Department of Pediatrics,Weifang Medical University,Weifang 261053,China;Department of Pediatrics,Weifang People’s Hospital)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院儿科学教研室,山东潍坊261053 [2]潍坊市人民医院小儿内科

出　　处：《潍坊医学院学报》2022年第1期24-27,共4页Acta Academiae Medicinae Weifang

摘　　要：目的 观察疫情管控措施下支气管哮喘患儿流行病学特点,为疫情后长期内对支气管哮喘患儿的疾病防控提供新的诊疗思路。方法 选取2019年1月~2020年12月于潍坊市人民医院妇儿医院门诊就诊及住院患儿中3~12岁诊断为支气管哮喘的患儿。对比分析2019年度(对照组n=230)、2020年度(观察组n=421)患儿的发病特点。结果 2019年度因支气管哮喘就诊的患者共230例,2020年度421例;2019年入院率为17.39%,2020年度入院率为29.45%;2019年入院率较高的月份为9~11月。2020年1月、4月、9月3个月份的入院率超过50%;2019年与2020年间患者年龄、性别、学校年级、是否入幼儿园、是否坚持规范治疗情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2020年患儿年纪偏大、男性、托幼、已经开学或入幼儿园的患儿居多。两年间患儿住院天数、住院总费用、体重、开学或入幼儿园开空调情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2020年患儿合并症比例显著高于2019年(P<0.05),且合并症中,鼻炎较其他合并症占比最多。结论 受疫情暴发影响,2020年度患儿因支气管哮喘的入院率提高,发病与季节关系不明显,为今后患儿支气管哮喘的群防群治提供了依据。Objective To observe the epidemiological characteristics of children with bronchial asthma in our hospital under epidemic control measures, and to provide new diagnosis and treatment ideas for disease prevention and control of children with bronchial asthma in the long term after the epidemic.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on children aged 3 to 12 who were diagnosed with bronchial asthma in the outpatient department and inpatient department of the Women and Children Hospital of Weifang People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020.The morbidity characteristics of children in 2019(control group n=230) and 2020(observation group n=421) were compared and analyzed.Results A total of 230 patients were diagnosed with bronchial asthma in 2019,and 421 in 2020.The admission rate was 17.39% in 2019 and 29.45% in 2020.In 2019,the months with higher admission rates were September to November.In 2020,the admission rate in January, April and September exceeded 50%.There were significant differences in age, gender, school grade, kindergarten enrollment and adherence to standardized treatment between 2019 and 2020(P<0.05).In 2020,the majority of children are older, more male, nurseries, children who have started school or entered kindergarten.There were no significant differences between the two years in the number of days in hospital, the total cost of hospitalization, body weight, and the condition of using air conditioning in school or kindergarten(P>0.05).The proportion of complications in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2019(P<0.05),and rhinitis accounted for the largest proportion of complications compared with other complications.Conclusion Under the influence of the outbreak of the epidemic, the hospitalization rate of children with bronchial asthma increased in 2020,and there was no obvious relationship between the incidence and season, which provided a basis for the mass prevention and treatment of children with bronchial asthma in the future.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 新型冠状病毒 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]