户用分布式光伏对农户收入的影响——以中部地区Y县为例  

The impacts of the installation of solar panels on rural households’income:A case study of Y County in Central China

作　　者：剌美香[1] 周力[2] 刘宗志 王兴华[1] LA Mei-xiang;ZHOU Li;LIU Zong-zhi;WANG Xing-hua(College of Agricultural Economics and Management,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong,Shanxi 030801,China;College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业经济管理学院,山西晋中030801 [2]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2022年第3期493-503,共11页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA117);山西省社科联重点课题(SSKLZDKT2021042);山西省高等学校人文社科重点研究基地项目(20210138)。

摘　　要：户用分布式光伏对农户收入影响具有长期性,如何发挥分布式光伏在乡村振兴战略中的作用需进一步探索。本文以户用分布式光伏为例,利用中部地区Y县2014—2019年农户追踪数据,运用双重差分法,分析户用分布式光伏对农户收入的影响,探讨户用分布式光伏对农户收入影响的作用机制。结果表明,2014—2019年农户收入大幅度提升,其中建光伏农户的人均收入增长幅度大于未建光伏农户,户用分布式光伏使农户人均收入提高25.4%,其中经营性收入、财产性收入分别提高74.4%和444.5%,而工资性收入降低45.3%。户用分布式光伏是通过减少非农劳动时间和缩短非农就业空间距离降低农户工资性收入,增加经营性收入,从而影响人均收入。进一步分析发现,户用分布式光伏对非中心村农户的工资性收入和经营性收入影响大于中心村农户,劳动力能力越强的农户经营性收入上升幅度越大,工资性收入下降幅度越小。因此,建议统一维护光伏设施,促进劳动力要素有效配置;并依据劳动能力差异分层分配股份,降低劳动能力强的农户对政府补贴的依赖;另外,创新光伏产业发展模式,拓宽光伏产业增收渠道。The installation of solar panels has a long-term impact on rural household income.Exploring how the installation of solar panels influences Rural Revitalization Strategy is of great practical significance.Based on the tracking data of solar panel installation of Y county of Central China from 2014 to 2019,this paper analyzed the impacts of the installation of solar panels on rural household income by a Difference-in-Difference model and discussed its influencing mechanism.Results show that rural household income increased significantly from 2014 to 2019,and the growth rate of per capita income for those households with solar panels was greater than those households without solar panels.The installation of solar panels has increased per capita income by 25.4%.Among them,agricultural operating income and property income increased by 74.4%and 444.5%,respectively.While wage income decreased by 45.3%.The installation of solar panels influenced per capita income by reducing off-farm employment hours,shortening offfarm employment spatial distance,and increasing agricultural operating income.Further analysis indicated that the installation of solar panels had a greater impact on wage income and agricultural operating income of those households in non-central villages than those in central villages,and the stronger household labor is,the greater agricultural operating income increase,the smaller wage income decline.Therefore,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:providing uniform solar panel maintenance services,promoting effective allocation of labor forces,distributing shares by a hierarchical strategy according to different labor ability,reducing the dependence on government subsidies for households with strong labor ability,encouraging innovations in the development mode of solar energy industry,and broadening income channels for solar energy industry.

关 键 词：户用分布式光伏 农户收入 非农就业时间 非农就业空间距离 双重差分法 

分 类 号：F320.3[经济管理—产业经济]