面向非关系型数据库的时空数据信息量平衡索引方法  

Information balanced indexing method for spatiotemporal data oriented to non-relational databases

作　　者：李龙海[1] 谢鹏[2] 何列松[2] 吴昊天 付少锋[1] LI Longhai;XIE Peng;HE Liesong;WU Haotian;FU Shaofeng(School of Computer Science and Technology,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China;Xi’an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,西安710071 [2]西安测绘研究所,西安710054

出　　处：《测绘科学》2022年第4期160-168,共9页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：地理信息工程国家重点实验室开放基金课题项目(SKLGIE2014-M-4-1);国家自然科学基金项目(41301527)。

摘　　要：针对利用HBase等非关系型数据库存储倾斜分布的时空数据时查询效率明显下降的问题,该文提出了一种面向非关系型数据库的基于非均匀网格编码的时空数据索引方法。首先,按标准STCode编码方法将整个时空区域递归划分为均匀三维网格;然后,根据每个标准网格的数据密度,将该网格与其相邻网格或者进行合并,或者拆分成更小的网格,这样就生成了非均匀网格,每个非均匀网格被赋予一个信息量平衡时空编码(IBSTCode),并建立STCode与IBSTCode之间的映射表;最后,IBSTCode作为前缀被嵌入到时空数据记录的主键索引中。实验结果表明,当利用HBase存储非均匀分布的时空点状数据时,该文提出的信息量平衡索引方法可以显著提高查询效率。To solve the problem that the query efficiency is obviously reduced when using nonrelational databases such as HBase to store skew-distributed spatiotemporal data,,this paper proposed a new spatiotemporal indexing method based on irregular grids for non-relational databases.Firstly,according to the standard STCode coding scheme,the whole spatiotemporal region in question was recursively divided into regular three-dimensional grids.Secondly,each regular grid was combined with their neighbors or split into smaller grids according to the relative data density in this grid,resulting in a set of irregular grids.Each of those irregular grids was assigned an information balanced code abbreviated as IBSTCode.Then a lookup table was generated to speed up the translation from STCodes to IBSTCodes.Finally,IBSTCodes were embedded as prefixes into the row key of each spatiotemporal data record.The experimental result indicated that the information balanced indexing method could significantly improve query efficiency with respect to non-uniformly distributed spatiotemporal data.

关 键 词：HBase数据库 时空数据 数据库索引 时空编码 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]