2020年达州市50岁及以上HIV/AIDS患者艾滋病感染相关因素定性分析  

Qualitative study on HIV infection related factors among HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 and above in Dazhou in 2020

作　　者：王木 裴容 谭川[3] 岳诗佳 张俊浦[4] 叶盈 唐梅[3] 常宏[3] 罗德维 徐晓宗[4] 伍春莲[6] WANG Mu;PEI Rong;TAN Chuan;YUE Shi-jia;ZHANG Jun-pu;YE Ying;TANG Mei;CHANG Hong;LUO De-wei;XU Xiao-zong;WU Chun-lian(Mianyang Central Hospital,School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China;School of Public Health,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Dazhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dazhou 635000,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan College of Arts and Sciences,Dazhou 635000,Sichuan Province,China;Qingyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学医学院附属绵阳医院·绵阳市中心医院,四川绵阳621000 [2]成都中医药大学公共卫生学院,成都610041 [3]达州市疾病预防控制中心,四川达州635000 [4]四川文理学院,四川达州635000 [5]成都市青羊区疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [6]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第6期740-744,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省2020年中央财政补助艾滋病等重大传染病防治项目;2020年度四川大学—达州市战略合作专项资金项目(项目编号:2020CDDZ-26)。

摘　　要：目的 调查老年艾滋病感染的主要途径、原因及相关因素,为制定老年艾滋病防控策略提供参考。方法 2020-10/12选择50岁及以上老年艾滋病病例增长速度快及构成比高的达州市作为研究现场,运用定性研究方法招募2019—2020年新报告病例进行一对一深入访谈,采集一般情况、艾滋病感染发现途、艾滋病知晓、商业性行为、传播情况等信息,采用主题框架分析法进行资料分析。结果 本研究共访谈37例老年HIV/AIDS,男性24人,女性13人,平均年龄65岁,均为被动检测发现。调查对象自诉感染途径以性传播为主,结果显示艾滋病相关知识缺乏、自我保护意识差、夫妻关系不和谐、不安全商业性行为等均与老年人群感染艾滋病相关。结论 达州地区老年人艾滋病流行的主要原因是缺乏相关知识,未能形成自我保护意识,男性主要通过商业性行为途径感染,女性主要通过配偶和固定性伴感染。因此,应根据老年人群艾滋病流行特点制定针对性政策,加强相关知识宣传,定期在社区或乡镇开展集中免费检测及发放安全套,加大暗娼管控力度,并注重政策的落地实施监督。Objective To investigate the main ways,causes and related factors of HIV(human immunodeficiency virus) infection in the elderly and to provide evidence for further prevention and control of HIV/AIDS transmission among this group of people.Methods From October to December in 2020,the qualitative research method was used to recruit new cases reported from 2019 to 2020in Dazhou City,which had a fast growth rate and high composition ratio of HIV/AIDS cases aged50 and above.One-to-one in-depth interviews were conducted to collect information on general situation,discovery route of HIV/AIDS infection,HIV/AIDS awareness,commercial sexual behavior,transmission situation,and so on.Thematic framework analysis was used for data analysis.Results A total of 37 elderly HIV/AIDS cases were interviewed in this study,including 24 males and 13females,with an average age of 65 years.All of them were found by passive detection.Respondents self-reported that the main route of infection was sexual transmission.The results showed that the lack of knowledge about HIV/AIDS,poor self-protection consciousness,disharmony between husband and wife,and unsafe commercial sexual behavior were all related to HIV/AIDS infection among the elderly.Conclusions The main reasons for the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the elderly in Dazhou were the lack of relevant knowledge and self-protection consciousness.Men were mainly infected by commercial sexual behavior,and women were mainly infected by spouses and fixed sexual partners.Therefore,targeted strategies should be taken according to the characteristics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among the elderly.The relevant knowledge publicity should be strengthened;regular free centralized testing and distribution of condoms in communities or townships should be conducted;the control of prostitution should be strengthened;and the implementation of policy supervision should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：艾滋病 老年人 性传播 定性研究 相关因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]