北海一次强降雨过程的雨滴谱特征分析  

Analysis of raindrop spectral characteristics of a heavy rainfall process in Beihai city

作　　者：周坤论 张哲睿 成振华 景坤 陶伟[1] 李艳萍 Zhou Kunlun;Zhang Zherui;Cheng Zhenhua;Jing kun;Tao wei;Li Yanping(Guangxi Meteorological Technology Equipment Center,Nanning 530022,China;Guangxi Meteorological Service Center,Nanning 530022,China;Guangxi Meteorological Information Center,Nanning 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区气象技术装备中心,南宁530022 [2]广西壮族自治区气象服务中心,南宁530022 [3]广西壮族自治区气象信息中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2022年第2期16-22,共7页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：广西壮族自治区气象技术装备中心自立科研项目“降水过程雨滴谱的统计特征研究”。

摘　　要：基于北海国家气候观象台的自动雨量站和激光雨滴谱仪观测资料,针对2019年08月17日00∶00—18∶00出现持续性降雨过程进行雨滴谱特征初步分析。结果显示:(1)激光雨滴谱仪和自动雨量站累积降水量具有很好的一致性;(2)分钟粒子数和分钟降水量呈正相关,但降水量不仅由粒子个数决定,还取决于雨滴的直径;(3)谱宽和降水粒子数随时间起伏变化基本同步,决定了降雨强度;(4)特征直径之间线性关系较好,可互相包容,能反映降水粒子大小。综上激光雨滴谱仪在不同速度、直径通道观测的雨滴粒子是可信的,可反映实际降雨情况;降雨强度主要由大雨滴决定;在遇到短时强降雨时,雨滴重叠会导致激光雨滴谱仪观测的降雨强度和累积降水量偏大。Based on the observation data of automatic rainfall station and laser raindrop spectrometer of Beihai national climate observatory,the characteristics of raindrop spectrum were preliminarily analyzed for the continuous rainfall process from 00:00 to 18:00 on August 17,2019.The results show that(1)the cumulative precipitation of the laser raindrop spectrometer and the automatic rainfall station has a good consistency.(2)The number of particles per minute is positively correlated with the precipitation per minute,but the precipitation is not only determined by the number of particles,but also depends on the diameter of raindrops.(3)The variation of spectral width and precipitation particle number with time fluctuation is basically synchronous,which determines the rainfall intensity.(4)The characteristic diameters have a good linear relationship,can contain each other,and can reflect the size of precipitation particles.In conclusion,the raindrop particles observed by the laser raindrop spectrometer in different velocity and diameter channels are reliable and can reflect the actual rainfall.Rainfall intensity is mainly determined by large raindrops.In case of short-term heavy rainfall,the overlap of raindrops will lead to the larger rainfall intensity and cumulative precipitation observed by laser raindrop spectrometer.

关 键 词：自动雨量站 激光雨滴谱仪 雨滴谱 谱宽 特征直径 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]