饲粮中添加精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫生理机能的影响  

Effects of Dietary Arginine on Physiological Function of Apis mellifera ligustica Worker Bee Larvae

作　　者：孙桂云 胡希怡 于静 王红芳[1] 刘振国[1] 胥保华[1] SUN Guiyun;HU Xiyi;YU Jing;WANG Hongfang;LIU Zhenguo;XU Baohua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第6期3918-3929,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：泰山产业领军人才高效生态农业创新类项目(LJNY202003);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-44)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)工蜂幼虫化蛹率、羽化率、抗氧化能力、免疫力和中肠形态的影响。选取意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫1 200只,随机分成5组,每组5个重复,每个重复48只。5组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂精氨酸添加水平为0(对照组)、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的试验饲粮,在室内饲养幼虫直至成虫羽化出房,观察幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率;测4、6日龄工蜂幼虫抗氧化、免疫等指标;测6日龄工蜂幼虫中肠形态、血淋巴生化指标。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.6%和0.8%精氨酸显著降低了工蜂幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.2%~0.8%精氨酸显著提高了工蜂幼虫血淋巴中尿素含量(P<0.05),添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了工蜂幼虫血淋巴中白蛋白含量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了4日龄工蜂幼虫鸟氨酸脱羧酶的活性(P<0.05),添加0.6%精氨酸显著提高了6日龄工蜂幼虫精氨酸酶的活性(P<0.05),添加0.2%、0.4%和0.8%精氨酸显著提高了6日龄工蜂幼虫鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因的相对表达量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.4%精氨酸显著提高了4、6日龄工蜂幼虫的过氧化氢酶活性和过氧化氢酶基因相对表达量(P<0.05),添加0.8%精氨酸显著提高了4、6日龄工蜂幼虫的总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了4日龄工蜂幼虫的溶菌酶基因相对表达量和6日龄工蜂幼虫的溶菌酶活性(P<0.05)。6)精氨酸添加水平为0.8%时对6日龄工蜂幼虫的中肠重建有抑制作用。由此可知,饲粮中添加精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫化蛹率和羽化率、抗氧化能力以及免疫力均有一定的影响,适量添加可以提高意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫的抗氧化能力,而高剂量添加则会降低意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary arginine supplemental level on pupation rate,emergence rate,antioxidant capacity,immunity and midgut morphology of Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae. A total of 1 200 Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae were randomly divided into 5groups with 5 replicates per group and 48 larvae per replicate. The larvae in the 5 groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0(control group),0.2%,0.4%,0.6% and 0.8% arginine,respectively. The larvae were reared in lab condition until emergence,and the pupation rate and emergence rate of the larvae were measured. The antioxidant and immune indexes of 4-and 6-day-old worker bee larvae in each group were measured;midgut morphology and hemolymph biochemical indexes of 6-day-old worker bee larvae were measured. The results showed as follows:1)dietary supplemented with 0.6% and 0.8% arginine significantly decreased the pupation rate and emergence rate of worker bee larvae compared with the control group(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 0.2% to 0.8% arginine significantly increased the hemolymph urea content of worker bee larvae(P<0.05);meanwhile,dietary supplemented with 0.2% arginine supplementation significantly increased the hemolymph albumin content of worker bee larvae(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 0.2% arginine significantly increased ornithine decarboxylic enzyme activity of 4-day-old worker bee larvae(P < 0. 05);the arginase activity of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased when supplemented with 0.6% arginine(P<0.05);when dietary supplemented with 0.2%,0.4% and 0.8% arginine,the relative expression level of ornithine decarboxylase gene of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased(P < 0. 05). 4)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 0.4% arginine significantly increased the catalase activity and the relative expression level of catalase gene of 4-and 6-day-old worker

关 键 词：意大利蜜蜂 工蜂幼虫 精氨酸 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S894[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]