历史之问,领袖之答——中国共产党领导人破解历史周期率的思想与实践  

The Question of History and the Answer of Leaders: The Theory and Practice of CPC Leaders for Avoiding History’s Cycle of Rise and Fall

作　　者：石仲泉 Shi Zhongquan

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《马克思主义与现实》2022年第3期1-14,202,共15页Marxism & Reality

摘　　要：跳出治乱兴衰的历史周期率是观照未来的历史之问,也是事关中国共产党前途命运的“天问”。毛泽东在延安窑洞给出第一个答案,即用民主的方式监督政府。习近平在党的百年华诞之际又给出第二个答案,即自我革命。前者开创了破解治乱兴衰历史周期率的新路,后者则为之作出了里程碑式的伟大贡献。历史之问的两个答案不是各自孤立的,而是相互关联的,并在不断丰富发展。通过对历史之问的历史考察,我们可以看出:毛泽东提出民主新路,并不等于没有自我革命思想;邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛在回答历史之问方面的厚积薄发是双向的,其中许多思想既是对毛泽东民主新路内涵的丰富和发展,同时也属于自我革命范畴;习近平在提出第二个答案的同时,也极大地丰富和发展了第一个答案;中国共产党人通过不断求索历史之问的答案,探索走出治乱兴衰周期率,从而最终实现党的最高理想。历史之问的两个答案是对中华民族五千年历史的一个伟大贡献,也是对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律认知的伟大提升。Avoiding the history’s cycle of rise and fall is a historical question for the future,and a “heavenly question”for the destiny of the Communist Party of China. Mao Zedong gave the first answer to this question in a cave-dwelling in Yan’an: that is,democratic oversight of government. Xi Jinping,on the occasion of the Party’s centennial,gave the second answer: self-reform. The former created a new way to avoid the history’s cycle of rise and fall,while the latter made a great milestone contribution to it. The two answers to the question of history are not isolated,but are interrelated,with the latter constantly enriching and developing the former.A historical examination of the historical question shows that Mao Zedong’s proposal of a new road to democracy is not the same as the absence of the idea of self-reform;Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao’s full elaborations on the historical question go two ways,and many of these ideas are not only the enrichment and development of the connotation of Mao Zedong’s new road to democracy,but some also fall into the category of self-reform at the same time. Xi Jinping’s second answer has also greatly enriched and developed the first answer. Xi Jinping,while proposing the second answer,also greatly enriched and developed the first answer. By constantly seeking answers to the question of history,the Communist Party of China works to avoid the cycle of rise and fall,thus realizing its ultimate ideal. The two answers to the question of history are a great contribution to the 5,000-year history of the Chinese nation,and a great enhancement of the knowledge of the laws governing Communist Party rule,socialist development and human social development.

关 键 词：历史之问 民主监督 自我革命 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]