第24届冬奥会张家口赛区2018-2021年野鼠寄生蚤调查分析  

Investigation of parasitic fleas on wild rodents in Zhangjiakou competition zone of the 24th Olympic Winter Games,2018-2021

作　　者：陈永明[1] 康东梅 兰晓宇[1] 闫东[1] 刘冠纯[1] 史献明[1] 杜国义[1] 周松[1] 杨顺林[1] 候芝林 郑楠[1] 杨爱 张晓磊 张进一 孙飞 马勇 郭超 戴宏 王晓燕 CHEN Yong-ming;KANG Dong-mei;LAN Xiao-yu;YAN Dong;LIU Guan-chun;SHI Xian-ming;DU Guo-yi;ZHOU Song;YANG Shun-lin;HOU Zhi-lin;ZHENG Nan;YANG Ai;ZHANG Xiao-lei;ZHANG Jin-yi;SUN Fei;MA Yong;GUO Chao;DAI Hong;WANG Xiao-yan(Anti-plague Institute of Hebei Province,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Zhangjiakou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Zhangjiakou Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Chongli District,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 076350,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省鼠疫防治所,河北张家口075000 [2]张家口市疾病预防控制中心,河北张家口075000 [3]张家口市地方病防治所,河北张家口075000 [4]崇礼区疾病预防控制中心,河北张家口076350

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2022年第3期414-417,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：河北省2020年度医学科学研究课题计划(20200025);河北省2021年医学科学研究课题计划(20210359)。

摘　　要：目的了解第24届冬奥会张家口赛区2018-2021年野鼠寄生蚤种群数量和结构变化规律,为张家口赛区鼠类相关疾病的预测预警提供必要的依据。方法在张家口市崇礼区采用夹夜法捕获野鼠,收取其体表寄生蚤进行分类鉴定;应用Excel 2010软件对野鼠及其寄生蚤调查数据进行总结和逐年逐月统计,采用弦图对野鼠及其寄生蚤相关关系进行分析,运用集中度法对蚤类季节分布特征进行分析。结果2018-2021年在崇礼全区采用5 m夹线法共捕鼠302只,隶属于4科9属11种,除小家鼠未带蚤外,其他鼠种均带蚤;获蚤218匹,已确定蚤种隶属于4科8属13种,平均蚤指数为0.72;野鼠寄生蚤数量最高的是丛鬃双蚤指名亚种,与其关系最密切的是黑线仓鼠,另有长尾仓鼠、大仓鼠、黑线姬鼠等7种鼠检获该蚤;野鼠寄生蚤及雌雄蚤均具有很强的季节性(均M=0.72)。结论张家口赛区野鼠寄生蚤的种群数量较高,结构丰富,季节性强,与黑线仓鼠关系密切,应在重点地区警惕其种群变化并密切关注相关鼠源性疾病的流行趋势及其传播带来的重要影响。Objective To investigate the changes in the number and composition of parasitic flea populations on wild rodents in the Zhangjiakou competition zone of the 24th Olympic Winter Games from 2018 to 2021,and to provide a basis for prediction and warning of rodent-borne diseases in the in Chongli district,Zhangjiakou competition zone.Methods Wild rodents were caught by the night traping method in Chongli district,Zhangjiakou city.Parasitic fleas on the rodents were collected and identified.Excel 2010 software was used to summarize the data and perform year-by-year and month-by-month analyses.A chordal graph was used to present the relationship between wild rodents and parasitic fleas.The seasonal distribution of fleas was analyzed by the concentration degree method.Results From 2018 to 2021,a total of 302 rodents were caught in Chongli district,belonging to 11 species of 9 genera under 4 families.All rodent species but Mus musculus carried fleas.A total of 218 fleas were collected,belonging to 13 species of 8 genera under 4 families.The average flea index was 0.72.The most dominant flea species was Amphipsylla vinogradovi,which had the closest relationship with Cricetulus barabensis and was also found on other seven rodent species including C.longicaudatus,Tscherskia triton,and Apodemus agrarius.Strong seasonality(all M=0.72)was observed in total,male,and female parasitic fleas on wild rodents.Conclusion Parasitic fleas on wild rodents in Zhangjiakou competition zone have large quantities,diverse species,and strong seasonality,with a close relationship with C.barabensis.Their population density and structure changes should be a warning in key areas.Attention should be paid to the trend and complications of rodent-borne disease epidemics.

关 键 词：第24届冬奥会 张家口赛区 寄生蚤 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] R384.3[农业科学—植物保护]