环形防喷器应急关闭后井内套管柱上顶机理  

Mechanism of Casing String Up-lift after Emergency Shut-in of Annular Blowout Preventer

作　　者：张波 罗方伟 郑钰山 陆努 娄尔标 蔡孟哲 许玉强[5] Zhang Bo;Luo Fangwei;Zheng Yushan;Lu Nu;Lou Erbiao;Cai Mengzhe;Xu Yuqiang(CNPC Research Institute of Safety&Environment Technology;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development;PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company;GWDC Downhole Service Company;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China))

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [3]中国石油塔里木油田分公司 [4]中国石油长城钻探井下作业公司 [5]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第7期43-48,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“钻井井下气液固多相流中超声波传播特性及气侵监测方法研究”(52074326);中国石油重大科技专项“井控应急关键装备与配套技术研究”(2021ZZ03);中国石油前瞻性基础性战略性技术攻关项目“高压油气井油套管泄漏地面监测诊断技术及风险预警技术与装备研究”(2021DJ6504);“复杂油气井套损诊断及风险管控关键技术研究”(2021DJ6502)。

摘　　要：为揭示环形防喷器应急关闭后井内套管柱的上顶机理,建立了井口喷涌情况下的套管柱上顶力学机理模型,分析了上顶力和制动力的来源,提出了判别套管柱上顶的依据,以轴向力和临界喷涌高度为指标评价了不同条件下套管柱上顶风险。研究结果表明:模型分析结果与现场实际观察结果相符,可用于研究井内套管柱上顶力学行为;随着井口液柱喷涌高度的增加,套管柱轴向力由0变正并随着上升,引鞋水眼节流引发的液压力是套管发生上顶的主要原因,环形防喷器抱紧力与管柱重力共同起到制动作用;对于井控风险较高的井,井内管柱数量较少时应及时评估上顶风险,并合理设计引鞋水眼直径、配备防上顶措施,从而提高临界喷涌高度,降低管柱上顶风险。研究结果可为复杂地层管柱下放过程中的井控风险管控提供指导和依据。To reveal the mechanism of casing string up-lift after emergency shut-in of annular blowout preventer,the mechanical mechanism model of casing string up-lift in the case of wellhead blowout was established.The sources of up-lift force and brake force were analyzed,the basis for judging casing string up-lift was proposed,and the risk of casing string up-lift under different conditions was evaluated with axial force and critical blowout height as indicators.The results show that the model analysis results are consistent with the field observation results,so the model can be used to study the mechanical behavior of casing string up-lift.With the increase of the blowout height of wellhead liquid column,the axial force of the casing string changes from 0 to positive and increases.The hydraulic pressure caused by guide shoe throttling is the main reason for casing up-lift,and the clamping force of the annular blowout preventer and the gravity of casing string play a brake role together.For wells with high risk of well control,when the number of casing string in wellbore is small,the up-lift risk should be evaluated in time,and the size of guide shoe nozzle should be designed reasonably and up-lift prevention measures should be provided,so as to increase the critical blowout height and reduce the risk of casing string up-lift.The research results provide guidance and basis for well control risk management in the process of casing running in complicated formations.

关 键 词：环形防喷器 喷涌高度 套管受力 上顶机理 控制分析 

分 类 号：TE925[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]