四川雉鹑(Tetraophasis szechenyii)的微生境选择及其季节性动态  

Seasonal variation in microhabitat selection of Buff-throated Partridge(Tetraophasis szechenyii)

作　　者：王彬 朱博伟 徐雨[3] 杨楠 赵成 窦亮[2] 冉江洪[2] WANG Bin;ZHU Bo-wei;XU Yu;YANG Nan;ZHAO Cheng;DOU Liang;RAN Jiang-hong(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Envirorunental of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;School of Ufe Sciences,Guizhou Normal Unvversity,Guiyang 550001,China;Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Faculty of Agriculture,Forestry and Food Engineering,Yibin Unwersity,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637002 [2]四川大学生命科学学院生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610065 [3]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001 [4]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,成都610041 [5]宜宾学院农林与食品工程学部,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第6期1143-1148,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32000354);西华师范大学基本科研业务费(17E075和18B028)资助。

摘　　要：生境选择对于动物的生存和繁衍至关重要,研究物种在不同季节和时期的生境选择模式,不但有助于全面了解其生态习性和资源需求,还能为物种保护管理提供基础信息。四川雉鹑是我国特有的典型高山鸟类,国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物,其不同季节的微生境选择尚缺乏系统研究。2014—2015年,在四川格西沟国家级自然保护区对四川雉鹑繁殖季(4—7月)和非繁殖季(8—3月)的微生境选择进行了调查。结果表明:四川雉鹑在繁殖季偏好选择乔木盖度较小而草本高度较高的微生境;而在非繁殖季偏好选择裸土比例较大而乔木盖度较小的微生境;繁殖季,四川雉鹑微生境选择需同时满足其食物资源和育幼的需求,而非繁殖季则要在克服食物短缺的同时兼顾安全和保暖需求;四川雉鹑在不同季节的微生境选择不但与自身生活史不同阶段的资源需求有关,而且反映了其对外界环境变化的适应。建议控制四川雉鹑生境内牦牛放牧等人为干扰,以提高保护效率。Habitat selection is essential for the survival and reproduction of animals.Studying species habitat selection in different seasons not only benefits thorough understanding of its ecological habits and resource requirements,but also provides fundamental information for conservation.Buff-throated Partridge(Tetraophasis szechenyii)is a typical alpine bird species endemic to China and a first-class national protected wildlife species.Yet,variation in microhabitat selection of Buff-throated Partridge has been poorly understood.During 2014 and 2015,we investigated its microhabitat selection in breeding season(April-July)and non-breeding season(August-March)in Gexigou National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province.The results showed that the species preferred microhabitat with low tree coverage and high grass height during breeding season,but selected microhabitat with high proportion of bare soil and low tree coverage during non-breeding season.They select microhabitat that simultaneously meet the demands of food resource and conditions for rearing chicken during breeding season,and use microhabitat with high food accessibility and concealment to overcome food shortage,reduce predation risk,and preserve body heat during non-breeding season.The seasonal variation in microhabitat selection of Buff-throated Partridge is related to resource requirements in different periods of life history,indicating its adaption to environmental change.For effective species conservation,we recommend restriction of free-ranging yak grazing in the habitat of Buff-throated Partridge.

关 键 词：鸡形目 繁殖季 非繁殖季 生境管理 植物群落结构 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]