近现代“群众”观念及其内在张力---“群众”概念两个层面的现代转换  

Conception of“Mass”in Modern Context and Its Inner Tension:Modern Turn of“Mass”in Two Levels

作　　者：李晔 Li Ye

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《江海学刊》2022年第3期132-143,255,256,共14页Jianghai Academic Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“《共产党宣言》汉译与马克思主义生命力的‘科学’与‘道德’基础研究”(项目号:18AKS001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“群众”概念在近现代经历了从否定性涵义到肯定性涵义的转换,同时近现代历史客观上也显示了“群众”作为集体的力量和作为社会历史创造者的能量,但其间也凸显出对于“群众”的双重态度和矛盾心态;从另一层面而言,在历史文本和叙述中呈现出来的“群众”概念基本上是一个对象性、客体性概念。这些因素形成了近现代群众观念的内在张力。考察汉语语境中“群众”概念的源流,分析形成群众心理和群众意识的社会基础,认识其历史与现实问题,对当代社会确立公民主体性意识,避免西方现代“无(非)主体性”大众社会问题,促进现代“群众”承担社会主体性义务、责任和使命,具有重要意义。其中关键问题在于“群众”及其意象从对象(客体)性境遇,到“群众”或“人民”自身的社会历史主体意识及相应社会责任、义务自觉认同的转折。The“mass”as a concept has undergone the transformation from negative term to positive one in modern context,at the same time,it has objectively shown its collective force and energy as social-historical creator.However,some kind of dual and paradoxical attitudes to“mass”has been revealed.On the other hand,it is a basically objective concept which has appeared in historical texts and discourses.These factors constitute the inner tensions within the modern conception of mass.It may have varied implications to investigate its origin and variants in Chinese context,to analyse the social foundations of mass psychology and consciousness for recognizing its historical and actual issues.It is of significance to establish subjective consciousness as citizens,to avoid some kinds of“non-subjective”problems disclosed in the Western modern mass societies,to undertake social duties and responsibilities in contemporary society.

关 键 词：群众 对象性 非主体性 人民 民众 

分 类 号：D032[政治法律—政治学]