社会支持在消防员创伤后应激障碍与心理健康中的中介效应分析  

Mediating effect of social support on post-traumatic stress disorder and mental health of firefighters

作　　者：杨玲[1] 张文慧 曹华[1] 汪志君 张云飞 王显 YANG Ling;ZHANG Wenhui;CAO Hua;WANG Zhijun;ZHANG Yunfei;WANG Xian(School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Lanzhou New Area Fire Rescue Detachment,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州新区消防救援支队,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2022年第2期171-174,237,共5页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：2021年度西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目资助(2946)。

摘　　要：目的探讨消防员创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)、心理健康及社会支持之间的关系,为提高消防人员的心理健康水平提供理论依据。方法选取兰州市某地159名消防员,采用创伤后应激障碍量表、心理健康量表(SCL-90)以及社会支持量表对其进行问卷调查,并采用SPSS 22.0进行数据分析。结果159名消防员SCL-90量表均值(118.52±35.07)分,PTSD量表均值(21.62±7.56)分,社会支持量表均值(26.46±6.03)分。PTSD与SCL-90量表得分呈正相关(r=0.88,P<0.01),社会支持与SCL-90量表得分呈负相关(r=-0.39,P<0.01),社会支持与PTSD量表得分呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.01)。社会支持在PTSD和SCL-90之间的中介效应有统计学意义(P<0.05),中介效应值为0.042,中介效应占总效应的4.8%。结论对经历了突发负性事件的消防员,可以通过提高他们的社会支持,降低负性事件带给他们的焦虑、抑郁、恐惧等心理,从而提高他们的心理健康水平。Objective To explore the relationship among post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),mental health and social support among firefighters,so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving their mental health level.Methods Totally 159 firefighters in a certain detachment in Lanzhou were investigated by using post-traumatic stress disorder scale,SCL-90 and social support scale.Results The average score of SCL-90 scale of 159 firefighters was(118.52±35.07),the average score of PTSD Scale was(21.62±7.56),and the average score of social support scale was(26.46±6.03).PTSD was positively correlated with SCL-90 score(r=0.88,P<0.01),social support was negatively correlated with SCL-90 score(r=-0.39,P<0.01),and social support was negatively correlated with PTSD score(r=-0.32,P<0.01).The mediating effect of social support between PTSD and SCL-90 was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the mediating effect value was 0.042,accounting for 8.4%of the total effect.Conclusion For firefighters who often experience sudden negative events,we can improve their mental health level by improving their social support and reducing their anxiety,depression and fear caused by negative events.

关 键 词：消防员 创伤后应激障碍 PTSD 心理健康 社会支持 中介效应 

分 类 号：B845.6[哲学宗教—心理学]