稻壳有机物料对烤烟生长发育及产质量形成的影响  

Effects of Rice Husk Organic Materials on the Growth,Development,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：许洪庆 刘素参 吕大树 张亚恒 梁增发 王维[2] XU Hongqing;LIU Susan;LYU Dashu;ZHANG Yaheng;LIANG Zengfa;WANG Wei(China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China;College of Agriculture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550001 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第3期219-225,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：贵州中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(H19420);广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(粤烟科项201803)。

摘　　要：为探索稻壳有机物料在烤烟生产上的应用效果,优化农业废弃资源循环利用,分析了不同施用量稻壳有机物料(0、12000、15000、18000 kg/hm^(2))对烤烟生长发育以及产质量形成的影响。结果表明:增施稻壳有机物料可提高土壤过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性;生育前期对脲酶起抑制作用,而后期则能略微提高其活性;稻壳有机物料对烟株的生长发育有明显的后发效应;随着稻壳有机物料施用量的增加,烟株根系活力、干物质积累量以及农艺性状指标大体上呈先升高后降低的趋势;稻壳有机物料对烤烟花叶病和青枯病有较好的防治效果;烟叶经济性状各指标以增施18000 kg/hm^(2)稻壳有机物料的处理最高,其次是增施15000 kg/hm^(2)稻壳有机物料的处理;化学成分协调性以及评吸质量则以增施15000 kg/hm^(2)稻壳有机物料的处理表现最好。综合分析认为,稻壳有机物料的施用量以15000 kg/hm^(2)为宜。In order to explore the application effect of rice husk organic materials in flue-cured tobacco production and optimize the recycling of agricultural waste resources,the effects of different application rates of rice husk organic materials(0,12000,15000,18000 kg/hm^(2))on the growth,development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed.The results showed that the application of rice husk organic material could increase the soil catalase and sucrase activity,inhibit urease in the early growth stage,but slightly increase its activity in the later stage.Rice husk organic materials had obvious late effect on the growth and development of tobacco plants;with the increase of the application rate of rice husk organic materials,the root activity,dry matter accumulation and agronomic characters of tobacco plants increased at first and then decreased.Rice husk organic materials had better control effect on flue-cured tobacco leaf disease and bacterial wilt.The ewnomic character index of the treatment of rice husk organic materials with the application of 18000 kg/hm^(2)was the highest,followed by 15000 kg/hm^(2);while the coordination of chemical composition and smoking quality were the best with the application of 15000 kg/hm^(2).Based on the comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that 15000 kg/hm^(2)is suitable for the application of rice husk organic materials.

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 有机物料 生长发育 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]