超高温环境下基于数字图像的测量技术研究  

Research on measurement technology based on digital image correlation in ultra-high temperature environment

作　　者：何新党[1] 周润 王龙龙 张朵 董思辰 HE Xindang;ZHOU Run;WANG Longlong;ZHANG Duo;DONG Sichen(Department of Engineering Mechanics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学力学与土木建筑学院工程力学系,西安710072

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2022年第3期473-483,共11页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175149,11902259);博士后创新基金(BX20190285);中央高校基本科研业务费(G2020KY05406)。

摘　　要：在高超声速飞行器服役过程中,气动热引起的热应力与机械应力叠加对飞行器安全性构成严重威胁。因此,开展热力耦合试验,测试热端结构在超高温环境下的变形规律,对保障飞行器的安全性与可靠性具有重要意义。目前超高温环境下结构的应变测试是工程界的一大难题。本文主要论述了数字图像相关(DIC)方法在超高温环境下进行应变测试的独特优势,总结了该方法的国内外研究现状,并针对当前该方法存在的难点问题进行了系统梳理,主要包括超高温环境精确模拟、高温热辐射和热流场的干扰、高温制斑技术以及试件氧化和热膨胀等,并给出了针对这些难点问题当前国内外的主流解决方案,分析了DIC方法的未来发展趋势和应用前景,提出了未来超高温环境下开展DIC方法进一步研究的重点方向,以期为超高温环境下的变形测试提供有益参考。During the service of hypersonic vehicle,the superposition of thermal stress and mechanical stress caused by aerody-namic heat poses a serious threat to the safety of the vehicle.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out thermo-mechanical cou-pling test to test the deformation law of hot structures under ultra-high temperature environment,so as to ensure the safety and relia-bility of aircraft.At present,the strain measurement of the structures under ultra-high temperature environment is a major problem in engineering field.The unique advantage of digital image correlation(DIC)method for strain measurement under ultra-high tempera-ture environment was mainly discussed,the research status of this method at home and abroad was summarized.The difficult prob-lems of the current method was analyzed,such as accurately simulating ultra-high temperature environment,interference of high tem-perature thermal radiation and thermal flow field,high temperature spot-making technology,oxidation and thermal expansion of speci-mens,etc.The mainstream solutions to these difficult problems at home and abroad were given,the future development trend and ap-plication prospect of the DIC method were analyzed,and the further research directions of DIC method under ultra-high temperature environment were put forward,expecting to provide useful reference for deformation test under ultra-high temperature environment.

关 键 词：超高温环境 应变测试 数字图像相关法 热辐射 散斑 

分 类 号：TB96[机械工程—光学工程] O348[一般工业技术—计量学]