狮子山矿区重金属污染农田土壤细菌群落分析  

Analysis on Bacterial Community of Soil in Farmland Contaminated by Heavy Metals in Shizishan Mining Area

作　　者：李阳 LI Yang(Anhui Guozhen Environmental Restoration Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230093,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽国祯环境修复股份有限公司,安徽合肥230093

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2022年第11期109-113,149,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：该研究采用单因子指数法和尼梅罗综合污染指数法评价农田重金属污染程度,测定土壤相关酶活,并采用16s rDNA Illumina高通量测序技术,对铜陵市狮子山矿区周围受重金属污染农田细菌群落多样性进行了分析,以期了解铜陵狮子山矿区受重金属污染农田的细菌群落结构和优势菌种。结果表明,该地区农田土壤中铜、锌、砷、镉含量很高,属于重金属严重污染。农田土壤中过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和脲酶活性高,土壤酶活与重金属之间具有较好的相关性,不同元素的重金属对酶活的响应不同。高通量测序结果显示,属于Proteobacteria、Chloroflexi、Actinobacteria、Acidobacteria门的序列总和占全部序列的80.11%,是门水平上的优势菌种。在属水平上,Arthrobacter具有相对较高的丰度,为优势菌种。研究结果显示,铜陵矿区重金属严重污染情况下,土壤细菌仍具有较高的活性和多样性,为筛选具有重金属抗性的优势菌种提供依据。In this paper, single factor index and Niemelo comprehensive pollution index method were applied to evaluate the degree of heavy metal pollution in farmland, the soil enzyme activities were determine, 16S rDNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the bacteria community diversity of heavy metal contaminated farmland, in order to understand the bacterial community structure and dominant species of heavy metal contaminated farmland in the Shizishan mining area in Tongling. The results showed that the content of copper, zinc, arsenic and cadmium in farmland soils in this area was very high, which was seriously polluted by heavy metals. The activities of catalase, acid phosphatase and urease in the soil were high, soil enzyme activity and heavy metals had a good correlation, different elements of heavy metals on the enzyme activity in response to different. The sequence of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria accounted for 80.11% of the total sequence, which were the dominant species at the door level. At the genus, Arthrobacter had a relatively high abundance and which was the dominant species. Although soil heavy metal pollution were serious, that soil bacteria still had high activity and diversity and could provide the basis for screening heavy metal resistance bacteria.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 酶 细菌 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]