中国古老月季的形态多样性分析  

Analysis of Morphological Diversity of Ancient Chinese Roses

作　　者：马策 阮芳 叶福民 赵小慧 李振涛 李成俊 MA Ce;RUAN Fang;YE Fu-min;ZHAO Xiao-hui;LI Zhen-tao;LI Cheng-jun(Institute of Economic Crops,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Liaoyang,Liaoning 111000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省经济作物研究所,辽宁辽阳111000

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》2022年第3期1-5,共5页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2020JH2/10200016);辽宁省农业科学院种质资源专项(2021GR2910)。

摘　　要：对23份中国古老月季资源的24个表型性状进行统计分析,结果表明:24个性状中,有23个性状的变异系数大于10%,表现出较为丰富的变异。相关分析结果显示:各性状之间相关性差异不显著的居多,但仍有部分性状具有显著相关性,其中花瓣数与叶型、刺的形态、节间长度的相关性显著,与刺的大小的相关性极显著。聚类分析在欧式距离10.0处把试验材料分为6类,第Ⅰ类包括15份种质资源。这类材料具有花径大,株高最高,雄蕊多的特点,可以用作观赏月季为目标的杂交父本;第Ⅱ类包括2份种质资源,这类品种具有香味程度大的特点,可以用作特异香型月季为育种目标的杂交亲本;第Ⅲ类包括5份种质资源,这类材料具有雌蕊数量大的特点,可以用作适合作为杂交月季母本使用,但是其他性状均不理想,作为月季育种的亲本材料应慎重;剩下3类分别为绿萼,春水绿波和大富贵。其中绿萼的花瓣萼片化;春水绿波的叶片是中国古老月季中唯一的半光泽品种;大富贵的雄蕊(300)雌蕊(140)数量极多,株高130 cm。以上3个品种可以作为杂交育种的特异性品种进行选择。Twenty four phenotypic characters of 23 Chinese ancient rose resources were analyzed statistically.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of twenty-three phenotypic characters was more than 10%,showing rich variation.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a certain correlation between the characters.For example,there are significant differences in the number of petals and stamens,the shape of leaves,the size of thorns,the shape of thorns and the length of internodes.Therefore,when we select a specific germplasm character,we should also consider other characters with significant correlation.In cluster analysis,the experimental materials were divided into three groups at the Euclidean distance of 10.0.The first group included 15 germplasm resources.This kind of material has the characteristics of large flower diameter,the highest plant height and many stamens.It can be used as a hybrid male parent for ornamental rose.The second category includes two germplasm resources,which have the characteristics of great fragrance degree,and can be used as the hybrid parents of the special and heteroaromatic rose.The third category includes five germplasm resources.This kind of material has the characteristics of large number of pistils,which can be used as a hybrid mother of rose,but other characters are not ideal,so it should be careful to be used as a parent material of rose breeding.

关 键 词：月季 表型性状 形态多样性 相关分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S685.120.3[农业科学—观赏园艺]