建筑热水系统中的军团菌赋存水平及影响因素  

Occurrence Level and Influencing Factors of Legionella spp.in Building Hot Water Supply System

作　　者：张雅梅 代雪宁 杨文畅 李伟英[1,2] ZHANG Yamei;DAI Xuening;YANG Wenchang;LI Weiying(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai200092,China;Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《净水技术》2022年第6期118-124,共7页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51979194);中国工程院重点咨询项目(kz0040020210450);福州市供水系统水质稳定特性及对策研究(kh0040020203000)。

摘　　要：建筑热水系统水质微生物安全,对公众健康至关重要。文中介绍了我国华东地区某宾馆建筑热水系统研究结果,采用常规水质指标检测及q-PCR定量分析,了解建筑热水系统中军团菌(Legionella spp.)的存在水平、时空分布特征及其影响因素。建筑热水系统的军团菌检出率为100%,含量为1.57×10^(4)~3.55×10^(5)copies/mL;嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophila)检出率为50%,含量为33.45~259.00 copies/mL,其中热交换器中含量最高;宾馆热水温度低、浑浊度高是造成军团菌含量增加、嗜肺军团菌检出的重要原因;磷可能是军团菌的限制性生长因素。因此,通过适当提高热交换器热水供应温度、降低水的浑浊度、控制水中磷的含量等措施可有效控制军团菌生长繁殖,保障水质生物安全。Microbiological safety of building hot water supply system is vital for public health.The results of this study of a hotel building hot water supply system in East China was explained.Conventional water quality indicators and the q-PCR quantitative analysis were used to investigate the occurrence level,temporal and spatial distribution,and influencing factors of Legionella spp.in the building hot water supply system.Results showed that the detection rate of Legionella spp.was 100%,with a concentration of 1.57×10^(4)~3.55×10^(5) copies/mL.The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila was 50%,with a concentration of 33.45~259.00 copies/mL.The highest concentration of Legionella pneumophila was in the heat exchanger.The increase of Legionella spp.concentration and the existence of Legionella pneumophila were ascribed to the low hot water temperature and high turbidity in the hotel.Phosphorus may be the restrictive growth factor of Legionella spp.Therefore,the effective control of the Legionella spp.growth and reproduction,and the guarantee of biological safety could be possibly achieved by enhancing the hot water supply temperature of the heat exchanger,reducing the turbidity and limiting the concentration of phosphorus of the water.

关 键 词：宾馆 热水 军团菌(Legionella spp. ) 嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophila) 水质生物安全 

分 类 号：TU822[建筑科学]