噬菌体治疗感染性疾病的机制特点及研究进展  

A review of the characteristics of mechanism and research progress of bacteriophage in the treatment of infectious diseases

作　　者：王猛[1] 邵煜涵 王策 王景雨 穆红 蔡大敏 WANG Meng;SHAO Yu-han;WANG Ce(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tianjin First Central Hospital,School of Medicine,Nankai University,Tianjin 300192,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南开大学附属天津市第一中心医院检验科,天津300192 [2]天津医科大学检验学院,天津300203 [3]杭州医学院,杭州310053

出　　处：《中国处方药》2022年第6期154-157,共4页Journal of China Prescription Drug

基　　金：天津市第一中心医院春风基金项目(院CF201817);天津市卫生健康科技项目;科技人才培育项目(KJ20009);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(00004C4Y201738494)。

摘　　要：随着抗生素的广泛使用,伴随产生的耐药菌株被相继报道。耐药菌的感染已经成为国内外关注的重点问题,因此急需寻找新的治疗方法。而新型抗生素的研发不仅费时费力,若使用不当还会引起一轮新的耐药基因的产生。此时,噬菌体因为它的特异性、高效性和易获取等优点重新受到人们的关注。与抗生素杀菌机制不同,噬菌体通过侵入宿主菌释放特殊酶类从而裂解细菌结构并杀死宿主菌。噬菌体对清除生物膜也有一定的作用,也不容易产生耐药突变。但有研究显示噬菌体存在抗菌谱过窄,同时可能携带并传播耐药基因,甚至可能引起机体的免疫反应等问题。本文对噬菌体的发现、感染机制、优缺点及应用前景等方面展开讨论。With the widespread usage of antibiotics,the accompanying drug-resistant strains have been reported in recent years.The infection of drugresistant bacteria has become a key point of international concern,and it was an urgent to find innovative ways for its treatment.However,it was a timeconsuming and labor-intensive work for us to research a new antibacterial drug.Even more,there was an opportunity to produce a new round of drug resistance genes if it was used improperly.At this time,bacteriophages were getting people’s attention again for their specificity,high efficiency,and easy obtained.Different from the mechanism of antibiotics,bacteriophages released special enzymes to lyse and to kill the host bacteria by invading the host bacteria.Bacteriophages also had a certain effect on removing the biofilms,and they were hardly to produce a drug-resistant.Nonetheless,some research also suggested that the antibacterial spectrum of bacteriophages is too narrow,and they might carry and spread drug resistance genes.It might even trigger an immune response in the period of use.Our aim is to discuss several aspects of bacteriophages including the history of discovery,the mechanism of infection,the advantages and disadvantages of it and its application prospect.

关 键 词：噬菌体治疗 耐药性细菌 抗生素 裂解酶 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]