金属-有机杂化材料用于有机磷毒剂检测与洗消的研究进展  

Research Progress of Metal-Organic Hybrid Materials for Detection and Decontamination of Organophosphate Agents

作　　者：梁妃攀 吴思 夏宇正[1] 石淑先[1] 聂志勇 LIANG Feipan;WU Si;XIA Yuzheng;SHI Shuxian;NIE Zhiyong(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing 100850,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第13期214-221,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：军内科研项目

摘　　要：神经性毒剂和大部分有机磷酸酯农药均属于有机磷毒剂,可抑制人体内乙酰胆碱酯酶活性,导致过量乙酰胆碱在体内的积累,从而引发一系列健康问题甚至死亡。传统大型仪器对有机磷毒剂的检测准确度高,但检测周期长、样品处理复杂且需要专业仪器和技术人员。如何进行快捷检测、鉴定并及时对有机磷毒剂进行洗消,对中毒的提早防治和生命的挽救具有重要的现实意义。本文总结了基于贵金属纳米粒子与有机化合物的复合以及金属有机框架材料这两种金属-有机杂化材料对有机磷毒剂的检测与洗消,综述了可在短时间内直接通过颜色变化或荧光变化对有机磷毒剂进行快捷检测的比色法和荧光法的研究进展,总结了利用金属有机框架材料实现对有机磷毒剂检测与吸附降解的效果,并对未来的发展进行了展望。Nerve agents and most organophosphate pesticides belong to organophosphate agent,which can inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in the human body,leading to the accumulation of excessive acetylcholine in the body,causing a series of health problems and even death.Although the detection of organophosphorus agent by traditional large-scale instruments has high accuracy,the detection should spend more time,sample processing is complicated,and professional instruments and technical personnel are required.How to quickly detect,identify and decontaminate organophosphorus agent in a timely manner has important practical significance for the early prevention and treatment of poisoning,even saving lives.This paper summarizes the detection and decontamination of organophosphorus agents by two metal-organic hybrid materials based on the compounds of precious metal nanoparticles and organic chemicals,metal-organic framework materials.The progress of fluorescence and colorimetric methods used to detect organophosphorus agents directly by color or fluorescence change quickly in a short time.The effect of adsorption and degradation of organophosphorus poisons caused by metal-organic framework materials,and the prospect of future development in this field are introduced.

关 键 词：神经性毒剂 有机磷酸酯农药 金属有机杂化材料 检测 洗消 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]