KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑制铝粉爆燃效果及机理分析  

Effect and mechanism of KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2) composite powder in inhibiting aluminum dust deflagration

作　　者：颜轲 孟祥豹[1,2,3] 潘智超 王政[1] 张延松 YAN Ke;MENG Xiangbao;PAN Zhichao;WANG Zheng;ZHANG Yansong(College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;Qingdao Intelligent Control Engineering Center for Production Safety Fire Accident,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;Institute of Public Safety,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学青岛市生产安全火灾重大事故智能控制工程研究中心,山东青岛266590 [3]山东科技大学公共安全研究院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2022年第6期1-11,共11页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52074174)。

摘　　要：为研究KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂对铝粉爆燃的抑制作用,采用球磨机将KH_(2)PO_(4)和SiO_(2)混合研磨制备出新型的KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂。在哈特曼管实验装置上,开展爆燃火焰传播抑制实验,结果表明:随着KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂含量的增加,爆燃火焰传播长度和速度逐渐减小,当添加质量比10∶6的KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂时,可实现铝粉爆燃火焰传播的抑制。在20 L球形爆炸装置上,开展复合粉体抑爆剂抑制铝粉爆炸压力测试实验,结果表明:随着KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂含量的增加,铝粉爆炸最大爆炸压力pmax和最大爆炸压力上升速率(dp/dt)max逐渐减小,当添加质量比10∶9的KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂时,可实现铝粉爆燃的完全抑制。通过KH_(2)PO_(4)粉体、SiO_(2)粉体与复合粉体抑爆剂对比可知,复合粉体抑爆剂对铝粉火焰传播和爆炸压力的抑制效果都优于单体粉体抑爆剂。通过对铝粉在空气中燃烧的热分析研究,从化学和物理两个方面分析了KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体抑爆剂对铝粉爆燃的抑制机理。To expand the application field of environmental protection materials,a composite powder explosion inhibitor was developed to suppress the explosion disaster of aluminum powder.The KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor,a new type of explosion inhibitors,was prepared by grinding KH_(2)PO_(4)and SiO_(2)using a ball mill and used to study its inhibition effect on aluminum powder deflagration.The deflagration flame propagation inhibition experiments were carried out in a Hartmann tube experimental device.The results show that the propagation length and speed of the deflagration flame gradually decrease with the increase of the KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor content.When a KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor with the mass ratio of 10∶6 is added,the deflagration flame propagation inhibition of the aluminum powder can be realized.The pressure test experiments of the composite powder explosion inhibitor to inhibit the aluminum powder explosion were carried out in a 20-L spherical explosive device.The results show that the maximum explosion pressure(pmax)and maximum explosion pressure rise rate((dp/dt)max)of the aluminum powder explosion gradually decrease with the content of the KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor.When a KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor with the mass ratio of 10∶9 is added,the complete inhibition of aluminum powder deflagration can be realized.By comparison with the KH_(2)PO_(4)powder,SiO_(2)powder and composite powder explosion inhibitors,the inhibition effect of the composite powder explosion inhibitor on the flame propagation and explosion pressure of the aluminum powder is better than that of monomer powder explosion inhibitors.Through the thermogravimetric analysis of aluminum powder and KH_(2)PO_(4),the inhibition mechanism of the KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)composite powder explosion inhibitor on aluminum powder deflagration was analyzed from both chemical and physical aspects.The KH_(2)PO_(4

关 键 词：KH_(2)PO_(4)/SiO_(2)复合粉体 铝粉爆炸 爆燃特性 抑制机理 

分 类 号：O381[理学—流体力学]