云南某地区男性美沙酮门诊脱失者酒精使用情况及影响因素  

Alcohol use and its influencing factors among male dropout patients from MMT clinics in a region of Yunnan province

作　　者：段春梅[1] 邓媛[1] 沈九成[1] 谢玉洁 王鲸[1] 张从斌[1] DUAN Chunmei;DENG Yuan;SHEN Jiucheng;XIE Yujie;WANG Jing;ZHANG Congbin(Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse,Kunming 650228,China;Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南省药物依赖防治研究所,昆明650228 [2]昆明医科大学,昆明650500

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2022年第6期689-692,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC1310400)。

摘　　要：目的对美沙酮维持治疗门诊脱失人群的生活健康状况、酒精使用情况等进行调查,了解其在社区康复过程中可能存在的酒精滥用问题及相关影响因素,为社区康复管理提供参考借鉴。方法以曾在云南省某地区参加过美沙酮维持治疗,但在研究开始前已脱失的男性人群作为研究对象,针对其人口学资料、饮酒情况、生命质量等进行访谈及问卷评估。主要使用的量表包括药物成瘾者生活质量测定量表(QOL-DA)及酒精使用障碍筛查问卷(AUDIT)。使用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验或χ^(2)检验,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究与危险饮酒相关的因素。结果本研究应调查120人,实际共收回有效问卷107份。根据AUDIT评分,低风险饮酒组30人(28.0%),危险饮酒组77人(72.0%)。危险饮酒组在生命质量总分、心理功能、社会功能、戒断症状及不良反应三个维度评分均显著低于低风险饮酒组(P<0.05),其中因缓解情绪问题而饮酒的情况较低风险组更常见(P<0.05)。心理因素对是否危险饮酒有影响(OR=0.529,95%CI:0.286~0.978,P=0.042)。结论酒精使用障碍问题在美沙酮门诊脱失者中较常见,且饮酒的严重程度可能与其最初接触酒精的年龄、周围朋友的影响、抑郁等心理状态有关,而健康的心理功能可能是防止危险饮酒的保护因素。建议在社区工作中加强除毒品以外的其他成瘾性物质的预防教育工作,重视该人群的心理健康状况,提升社区精神卫生服务能力。Objective To investigate the health status and alcohol consumption of the dropout patients from methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)clinics,and explore their alcohol abuse problems and influencing factors,so as to provide reference for the management of community rehabilitation.Methods The male patients who had dropped out from the MMT clinic were recruited.Patients were investigated and evaluated by General Situation Questionnaire,Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test(AUDIT),and Quality of Life for Drug Addicts(QOL-DA).T-test,Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results 107 patients were investigated.According to the score of AUDIT,there were 30 people in low-risk drinking group(28.0%)and 77 people in risky drinking group(72.0%).The total score of quality of life,psychological function,social function,withdrawal symptoms and adverse reactions in the risky drinking group were significantly lower than that in the low-risk drinking group(P<0.05).Drinking due to alleviating emotional problems was more common in the risky drinking group(P<0.05).Psychological factors had an effect on whether drinking was dangerous or not(OR=0.529,95%CI:0.286-0.978,P=0.042).Conclusions Alcohol consumption was generally prevalent among MMT male dropout-patients in this region.The severity of drinking may be linked to the age of initial exposure to alcohol,the influence of surrounding friends,depression and other psychological problems,and healthy psychological function may be a Protective factor against risky drinking It is suggested that the community should strengthen the prevention and education of addictive substances other than drugs and pay attention to the mental health of this group so as to improve the community mental health services and reduce the harm of drinking.

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗 脱失 酒精使用 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]