永川博物馆藏贴金铜塔的保护修复  

Conservation and Restoration of the Gilded Bronze Pagoda in the Collection of Yongchuan Museum

作　　者：叶琳 顾来沅 何祥松 李玉彬 Ye Lin;Gu Laiyuan;He Xiangsong

机构地区：[1]重庆市文物考古研究院 [2]永川博物馆

出　　处：《四川文物》2022年第3期107-118,共12页Sichuan Cultural Relics

摘　　要：永川博物馆藏贴金铜塔,即“千佛宝塔”,是重庆市永川博物馆馆藏文物保护修复项目的核心工作之一。通过专项调研、文献检索及讨论研究,在传统保护修复流程的基础上,使用扫描电镜-能谱分析、超景深显微观察、红外光谱分析等科技手段对表面残留物进行材质分析和鉴别,通过机械清洗和贴敷清除的清洁实验,参照同类器形制完成铜塔的仿制补配。不但成功达成文物保护修复的目的,更在保护修复过程中提取、发掘了诸多历史信息,为今后开展专题展览或相关研究提供了第一手资料。The gilded bronze pagoda, which is a Ming stupa-style bronze pagoda with intensive eaves and the inscription of Qianfo Baota( "Pagoda of Thousand Buddhas"), is a Class II national treasure among Yongchuan Museum’s collection. A special conservation and restoration program conducted by Chongqing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology reveals that deteriorations of the pagoda are mainly deformation and partial damage, and X-ray fluorescence analysis suggests it’s made of lead bronze. Through scientific analysis such as ultra-deep field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS) and infrared spectroscopy, its surface residue is identified as a mixture of gold, lacquer and tung oil,which proves that the surface of the pagoda was actually gilded, conforming to the inscription on the pagoda base. On the other hand, a deep overall cleaning was conducted after experiments of mechanical method and paste-softening method. During the restoration, the missing statues and components were repaired with replicas with reference to the symmetry of the pagoda and the forms of similar pagodas from the same period. The successful conservation and repair of the pagoda not only restored the original structure of the pagoda, but also corroborated the gilding process mentioned in the inscription, which has enriched the material for future exhibitions and research.

关 键 词：贴金铜塔 金胶漆 塔刹塑型 清洗补配 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G264.3[历史地理—历史学]