基于脆弱性分析的轨道交通装备产业链优化升级策略研究  

Upgrading Strategy on Industrial Chain of China’s Rail Transit Equipment Based on Vulnerability Analysis

作　　者：兰玉贞 刘畅[2] 周建勤[2] LAN Yuzhen;LIU Chang;ZHOU Jianqin(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,Shandong,China;School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2022年第6期122-127,共6页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：北京交通大学人文社科专题项目(B21JBW700060)。

摘　　要：随着中国轨道交通装备产业规模的不断扩大,发展模式正逐步向产业链协同发展转变,产业链的脆弱性将会成为阻碍其优化升级的关键因素。我国轨道交通装备产业链涵盖上游的设计及原材料生产企业、中游的装备制造企业和下游的运营维护企业。通过梳理轨道交通装备产业及全产业链的发展现状,探析产业链存在的问题,包括创新能力不足、关键技术待突破、车辆检修与维护能力滞后、协同效应不显著和专业人才供不应求等,从创新脆弱性、结构脆弱性和人才脆弱性3个方面对中国轨道交通装备产业链进行剖析,提出应对中国轨道交通装备产业链脆弱性的发展策略,包括推动合作创新提高技术创新能力、重视产业整合提升协同发展能力、培养专业人才提升智力支持能力。As China’s rail transit equipment manufacturing industry expands, the coordinated development of the industrial chain has gradually become the development model, and the vulnerability of the industrial chain will be a key factor that hinders its upgrading. The industrial chain of China’s rail transit equipment includes the upstream design and raw material production enterprises, midstream equipment manufacturing enterprises, and downstream operation and maintenance enterprises. This paper illustrated the development of China’s rail transit equipment industry and the whole industrial chain to analyze the problems of the industrial chain, such as inefficient innovation, underdeveloped key technologies, lagging vehicle inspection and maintenance, insufficient collaboration, and scarce professionals, and the industrial chain was discussed from innovation vulnerability, structural vulnerability, and talent vulnerability. Finally, this paper put forward strategies to deal with the vulnerability of the industrial chain of China’s rail transit equipment, including improving cooperative innovation to enhance technological innovation, emphasizing industrial integration to promote coordinated development, and cultivating professionals to strengthen intellectual support.

关 键 词：轨道交通 装备制造业 产业链 脆弱性 协同发展 

分 类 号：F530[经济管理—产业经济]