治理单元调整与村庄的民主自治  

Governance Unit Adjustment and Villages’Democratic Autonomy

作　　者：付振奇 FU Zhen-qi(School of Public Administration,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081 China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期117-129,共13页Journal of South China Agricultural University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(72004063);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2021JJ40362);湖南省教育厅重点项目(20A323)。

摘　　要：使用大规模的跟踪调查数据,从村庄民主自治开展的角度,研究了村庄合并和治理重心下移两类治理单元调整对村庄“四个民主”的影响。结果显示:村庄合并后,村民参与民主决策和民主监督的概率、村庄召开村民大会的频次都会降低,民主自治开展困难;治理重心下移后,村民民主参与的概率、村庄召开民主大会和民主评议的频次都会提升,民主自治较易开展。从影响机制看,村庄合并会减少村民获取重要信息的便利性,进而降低村民的民主参与概率;重心下移会提升村民的政治效能感和重要信息获取便利性,进而提升村民的民主参与概率;单元调整后,村民公共事务参与积极性的改变,会直接影响村庄的民主管理。进一步研究发现,村庄合并后,提升交通便利性能激活村民部分类型的民主参与热情,但难以解决民主管理难题;重心下移后,议事会或理事会能承接部分村庄自治活动,而村庄合并难以达到类似效果。不论治理单元如何调整,提升村民的政治效能感和信息获取便利性,激发村民参与公共事务热情,对开展村庄民主自治都是有益的。Using large-scale follow-up survey data,this paper studies the impact of village merger and downshift of governance core on the“Four Democracies”of villages,from the perspective of the implementation of village democratic autonomy.The results show that:after the merger of villages,probability of villagers participation in democratic decision-making and democratic supervision and the frequency of villagers’meetings will be reduced,and democratic autonomy is difficult to implement;After the downshift of governance core,probability of villagers’democratic participation,frequency of holding democratic meetings and democratic deliberations in villages will increase,and democratic autonomy is easier to implement.Mechanism research shows that village merger will reduce the convenience of villagers’access to important information,and then reduce the probability of villagers’democratic participation;the downshift of governance core will improve the villagers’sense of political efficacy and the convenience of obtaining important information,and then improve the probability of villagers’democratic participation.After the unit adjustment,the change of villagers’enthusiasm in public affairs will directly affect the democratic management of the village.Furthermore,after the adjustment of the unit,improving the transportation convenience is beneficial to enhance the enthusiasm of some types of villagers for democratic participation,but it is difficult to solve the democratic management problems caused by the merger.After the downshift of governance core,the establishment of Council will undertake some village autonomy activities,but this may not apply to the situation of village merger.No matter how the governance unit is adjusted,it is beneficial to carry out village democratic autonomy to improve the villagers’sense of political efficacy and convenience of information access and stimulate the villagers’enthusiasm to participate in public affairs.

关 键 词：村庄合并 治理重心下移 治理单元 村民自治 民主治理 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学]