青杨多倍体无性系苗期测定与评价  

Test and Evaluation of Populus cathayana Polyploid Clone at Seedling Stage

作　　者：华晓琴 冯祥元 马鸿文 俞天泉 王多文 蔺志军 HUA Xiaoqin;FENG Xiangyuan;MA Hongwen;YU Tianquan;WANG Duowen;LIN Zhijun(Wuwei Comprehensive Forestry Service Center,Wuwei Gansu 733000,Chines)

机构地区：[1]武威市林业综合服务中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2022年第2期22-27,共6页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：武威市国家杨树樟子松良种基地良种补贴项目。

摘　　要：杨树多倍体较二倍体速生、抗旱、抗病虫害;青杨是西北地区主要速生乔木树种;苗期测定是多倍体无性系选育的重要程序。引进680个青杨多倍体无性系,在西北干旱荒漠区经过7~8 a适应性生长,选取径生长较好的50个无性系开展扦插试验,随机区组设计,对照为本地青杨优树,确定43个无性系进行苗期测定,利用选择指数法和超级苗法筛选优良无性系。结果表明:无性系间变异大,系内无变异;扦插当年地径、苗高显著大于对照的无性系分别为25、7个,变异系数分别为54.95%、17.51%,重复力分别为0.93、0.97,说明无性系间差异受遗传控制,选择价值较高。选择指数法选出9个优良无性系,地径、苗高分别超过对照0.47 cm、0.23 m,遗传增益分别达15.99%,15.84%;超级苗法选出3个优良无性系;12个青杨多倍体优良无性系中,643、L30、224、797-1、884-1、725-1具有培育农田防护林网用树的潜力,638、690、558、852、703、674具有培育行道树及四旁植树的潜力。Compared with diploid,polyploid Populus cathayana grows faster,is resistant to drought,disease and insect pests.Populus cathayana is the main fast-growing tree species in northwest China.Seedling determination is an important procedure in polyploid clone breeding.Introduced 680 Populus cathayana polyploid clones,in the northwest arid desert after 7~8 a adaptive growth,diameter growth good 50 clones selected to carry out cutting trials,randomized block design,control for local Populus cathayana champion tree,determine the 43 clone seedling determined,using the method of selection index and the method of super seedling clones were screened.The results showed that there was great variation among clones,but no variation within clones.There were 25 and 7 clones whose diameters and seedling heights were significantly higher than those of the control,their coefficient of variation were 54.95%and 17.51%,and their repeatability was 0.93 and 0.97,respectively,indicating that the difference between clones was controlled by heredity and the selection value was high.Nine excellent clones were selected by selection index method,the ground diameter and seedling height were 0.47 cm and 0.23 m higher than the control,and the genetic gains were 15.99%and 15.84%,respectively.Three excellent clones were selected by super seedling method.Among the 12 excellent clones,643,L30,224,797-1,884-1 and 725-1 had the potential to cultivate trees for protecting forest network,and 638,690,558,852,703 and 674 had the potential to cultivate street trees and four-side tree planting.

关 键 词：青杨多倍体 无性系 苗期测定 综合评价 遗传增益 

分 类 号：S792.113.05[农业科学—林木遗传育种]