The Road to the Beijing Winter Olympics and Beyond: Opinions and Perspectives on Physiology and Innovation in Winter Sport  

作　　者：Jun Wang Hongwei Guan Morten Hostrup David S.Rowlands Jose Gonzalez-Alonso Jørgen Jensen 

机构地区：[1]Department of Exercise Physiology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing,China [2]Department of Health Promotion and Physical Education,School of Health Sciences and Human Performance,Ithaca College,Ithaca,NY 14850,USA [3]Section of Integrative Physiology,Department of Nutrition,Exercise and Sports,University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark [4]School of Sport,Exercise,and Nutrition,College of Health,Massey University,Auckland,New Zealand [5]Centre for Human Performance,Exercise and Rehabilitation,Brunel University London,Uxbridge,UK [6]Department of Physical Performance,Norwegian School of Sport Sciences,Ullevål Stadion,P.O.Box 4012,0806 Oslo,Norway

出　　处：《Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise》2021年第4期321-331,共11页体育运动科学（英文）

摘　　要：Beijing will host the 2022 Winter Olympics,and China strengthens research on various aspects to allow their athletes to compete successfully in winter sport.Simultaneously,Government-directed initiatives aim to increase public participation in recreational winter sport.These parallel developments allow research to advance knowledge and understanding of the physiological determinants of performance and health related to winter sport.Winter sport athletes often conduct a substan-tial amount of training with high volumes of low-to-moderate exercise intensity and lower volumes of high-intensity work.Moreover,much of the training occur at low ambient temperatures and winter sport athletes have high risk of developing asthma or asthma-related conditions,such as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.The high training volumes require optimal nutrition with increased energy and dietary protein requirement to stimulate muscle protein synthesis response in the post-exercise period.Whether higher protein intake is required in the cold should be investigated.Cross-country ski-ing is performed mostly in Northern hemisphere with a strong cultural heritage and sporting tradition.It is expected that innovative initiatives on recruitment and training during the next few years will target to enhance performance of Chinese athletes in classical endurance-based winter sport.The innovation potential coupled with resourcing and population may be substantial with the potential for China to become a significant winter sport nation.This paper discusses the physiological aspects of endurance training and performance in winter sport highlighting areas where innovation may advance in athletic performance in cold environments.In addition,to ensure sustainable development of snow sport,a quality ski patrol and rescue system is recommended for the safety of increasing mass participation.

关 键 词：Exercise physiology Endurance training Maximal oxygen uptake Temperature Protein Asthma Cross-country skiing Ski patrol 

分 类 号：G811.212[文化科学—体育学]