Relationships Between Vertical Jump Metrics and Sprint Performance,and Qualities that Distinguish Between Faster and Slower Sprinters  

作　　者：Jad Adrian Washif Lian-Yee Kok 

机构地区：[1]High-Performance Branch,Sports Performance Division,National Sports Institute of Malaysia,National Sports Complex,Bukit Jalil,57000 Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia [2]Department of Sport Science,Tunku Abdul Rahman University College,Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia

出　　处：《Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise》2022年第2期135-144,共10页体育运动科学（英文）

基　　金：supported in part by a grant from the National Sports Institute of Malaysia.

摘　　要：Purpose This study aimed to investigate the relationships between vertical jump metrics and phases during a 60 m sprint.The variances in strength qualities between sprinters of different ability levels were also compared.Methods Eighteen young male elite sprinters(age:18.1±1.3 years;stature:1.72±0.07 m;body mass:66.3±6.2 kg)were assessed for squat(SJ),countermovement(CMJ),drop(DJ),and standing long jumps,a maximal load back-squat,and a 60-m sprint from a block-start.The relationships between sprint performances with all variables were analysed using correlation and multiple regression while discriminative parameters between fast(100 m time:~10.50 s)and slow(~11.00 s)sprint groups were assessed using independent t-tests.Results Higher associations existed between vertical jumps and longer sprint distances,especially between SJ height and relative peak power with 10 m(r=−0.47 and−0.47,respectively),30 m(−0.71 and−0.74),60 m(−0.76 and−0.81),10-30 m(−0.80 and−0.86),and 30-60 m(−0.78 and−0.84)sprint distances.Concurrently,variables such as relative maximal-strength,relative SJ parameters(height,peak force,and peak power),relative CMJ peak power,and reactive strength index(DJ from 35 cm height)had significant discriminative ability and correlations(P<0.05)with sprint distances involving maximal velocity and flying-start.Additionally,a combination of SJ height and relative maximal-strength during back-squat accounted for 75%of the variance in 60 m sprint times.Conclusions Relative measures of multiple strength metrics may provide better insight regarding factors that enhance sprint performance.Adequate maximal-strength,high explosive power,and reactive strength seem necessary to improve sprint performance in young male elite sprinters.

关 键 词：Acceleration Mechanical power Maximum strength Neuromuscular abilities Reactive strength Track and field 

分 类 号：G822[文化科学—体育训练]