沿海地区气溶胶硅的组成、来源及其生态效应研究进展  

Research Progress on Compositions,Sources,and Ecological Effects of Aerosol Silicon in Coastal Areas

作　　者：张京[1] 宋照亮[1] 李强[1] 孙少波 郝倩[1] 冉祥滨 胡伟[1] 刘洪妍 ZHANG Jing;SONG Zhaoliang;LI Qiang;SUN Shaobo;HAO Qian;RAN Xiangbin;HU Wei;LIU Hongyan(Institute of Surface-Earth System Science,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Research Center for Marine Ecology and Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology of Ministry of Natural Resources,First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China;School of Resources&Environment and Tourism,Anyang Normal University,Anyang Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院,天津300072 [2]自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋生态研究中心和自然资源部海洋生态环境科学与技术重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]安阳师范学院资源环境与旅游学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2022年第6期563-574,共12页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“环渤海滨海湿地硅生物地球化学循环及其碳汇效应”(编号:41930862);国家重点研发计划项目“大气颗粒物多同位素分馏机制及化学过程表征”(编号:0401220002)资助.

摘　　要：作为地壳中第二大元素,硅对土壤形成、陆生高等植物和水生浮游植物生长发育以及碳循环有着重要的影响。在气候变化加剧的背景下,硅生物地球化学循环研究变得格外重要。近年来关于陆地和海洋系统的硅循环研究相对成熟,而大气系统中的硅研究明显缺乏。气溶胶是大气中的活跃组分和元素地球化学循环的重要载体。目前关于气溶胶中硅的组成、来源以及部分地区硅沉降负荷的重要程度的认识还不够,制约了对表层地球系统中硅循环的认知。基于当前国内外的研究成果,总结了气溶胶硅的组成及其与其他元素间的耦合关系,综述了新兴的硅同位素在大气颗粒物溯源方面的应用,分析了沿海地区硅长距离传输的生态效应以及硅纳米颗粒对公共健康的影响。总体来说,气溶胶中硅以无机硅为主,部分近海海域气溶胶硅的沉降对于浮游植物生长具有控制作用。未来需要针对气溶胶硅的产生和转化机理、硅沉降及其对生物地球化学循环关键过程的影响以及硅纳米颗粒的毒理效应等方面开展进一步研究。Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth’s crust and plays an important role in soil formation,growth,and evolution of terrestrial higher plants,aquatic phytoplankton,and the carbon cycle.Studying the silicon biogeochemical cycle has become increasingly important under current accelerated climate change.In recent years,studies on the silicon cycle in terrestrial and oceanic systems have been relatively thorough,whereas those in atmospheric systems are lacking.Aerosols are important carriers of active components and geochemical cycles of elements in the atmosphere.To date,the compositions and sources of silicon in aerosols and the importance of silicon sedimentation load in some regions are not well understood.This restricts our understanding of the silicon cycle in the surface earth system.Based on the current research,this study summarizes the compositions of aerosol silicon and its coupling with other elements,reviews the application of emerging silicon isotopes in atmospheric particulate matter tracing,and discusses the ecological effects of longdistance transportation of silicon in coastal areas and the impacts of silicon nanoparticles on human health.Generally,silicon exists in aerosols mainly in the form of inorganic silicon,and the deposition of aerosol silicon in some offshore waters has a controlling effect on phytoplankton growth.Further research should focus on the generation and transformation mechanisms of aerosol silicon,silicon deposition,its influence on key processes of biogeochemical cycles,and the toxicological effects of silicon nanoparticles.

关 键 词：气溶胶硅 组成 来源 耦合关系 生态效应 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境] P593[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]