轮状病毒抗原检测在婴幼儿腹泻诊断中的临床价值  

The Clinical Value of Rotavirus Antigen Detection in the Diagnosis of Infant Diarrhea

作　　者：杨毅茹 YANG Yiru(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Nanping Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanping Fujian 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]南平市妇幼保健院检验科,福建南平353000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2022年第11期109-111,共3页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的研究婴幼儿腹泻诊断中轮状病毒抗原检测的应用价值。方法选取2018年10月—2020年10月南平市妇幼保健院收治的128例婴幼儿腹泻患儿为研究对象,入组者均行轮状病毒抗原检测,采用胶体金免疫层析法检测,分析患儿检测结果,对比不同性别、不同年龄、不同性状粪便及不同季节患儿轮状病毒的检测阳性率。结果128例患儿经轮状病毒抗原检测后,41例阳性,检测阳性率为32.03%;男性(32.86%)与女性(31.03%)患儿轮状病毒抗原的检测阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.048,P>0.05);1~2岁、>2~3岁、>3~4岁、>4~5岁及>5~6岁患儿轮状病毒抗原的检测阳性率分别为55.26%、22.58%、22.73%、14.29%、31.25%,各组间轮状病毒抗原的检测阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);粪便标本性状中黏液便、水样便、蛋花汤样便及其他样便患儿轮状病毒抗原的检测阳性率分别为43.18%、38.46%、29.17%、14.71%;与春夏季节(21.67%)比较,秋冬季节(41.18%)轮状病毒抗原检测阳性率更高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.573,P<0.05)。结论轮状病毒是引起婴幼儿腹泻的一个主要病原体,临床需及早实施轮状病毒抗原检测,为疾病诊治提供可靠依据。Objective To study the application value of rotavirus antigen detection in the diagnosis of infant diarrhea.Methods A total of 128 infants with diarrhea admitted to Nanping Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects.All the enrolled patients were tested for rotavirus antigen,and the colloidal gold immunochromatographic method was used to analyze the detection of the children.As a result,the positive rates of rotavirus detection in children with different sexes,different ages,different traits and different seasons were compared.Results After 128 children were tested for rotavirus antigen,41 cases were positive,with a positive rate of 32.03%;male(32.86%)and female(31.03%)children with rotavirus antigen tested positive rate,the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.048,P>0.05);the positive rates of rotavirus antigen detection in children aged 1~2,>2~3,>3~4,>4~5,and>5~6 were 55.26%,22.58%,22.73%,14.29%,31.25%,the positive rate of rotavirus antigen detection among the groups was significantly different(P<0.05);the characteristics of stool specimens were mucus stool,watery stool,egg-flower soup-like stool and the positive rates of rotavirus antigen detection in children with other stool samples were 43.18%,38.46%,29.17%,and 14.71%;compared with spring and summer(21.67%),the positive rate of rotavirus antigen detection in autumn and winter(41.18%)was higher,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.573,P<0.05).Conclusion Rotavirus is a major pathogen that causes diarrhea in infants and young children.It is necessary to implement rotavirus antigen detection as soon as possible in clinical practice to provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

关 键 词：轮状病毒抗原 婴幼儿腹泻 应用价值 胶体金免疫层析法 季节比较 粪便标本 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]