高粱高单宁三交种在抗鸟制种中的应用  

Application of High Tannin Triple Hybrid Sorghum in Seed Production of Bird Resistance

作　　者：龙文靖 刘天朋[1] 万年鑫 李元[1] 向箭宇[1] 丁国祥[1] 赵甘霖[1] 赵冰冰 倪先林[1] LONG Wenjing;LIU Tianpeng;WAN Nianxin;LI Yuan;XIANG Jianyu;DING Guoxiang;ZHAO Ganlin;ZHAO Bingbing;NI Xianlin(Rice and Sorghum Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sichuan Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China;Luxian Modern Agricultural Park Management Committee,Luzhou,Sichuan 646100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/国家高粱改良中心四川分中心,四川泸州646000 [2]泸县现代农业园区管理委员会,四川泸州646100

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2022年第2期136-141,共6页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-06-13.5-A14);四川省“十三五”玉米育种攻关项目(2016NYZ-029);四川特色经作创新团队高粱新品种选育及配套栽培技术研究与推广项目(SCCXTD-2022-12)。

摘　　要：【目的】为解决高粱不育系54A在杂交制种中产量低、单宁含量低和鸟害重的问题。【方法】利用54A与高丹宁保持系1609B组配杂合不育系(54A/1609B)分别与2个恢复系F235R和TY3560R组配2个三交组合和4个单交组合,测定三交组合与相应单交组合制种产量、鸟害级别及单宁含量,并调查三交组合与相应单交组合及亲本的农艺性状,分析杂种优势。【结果】三交组合制种产量明显高于单交组合;三交种种子单宁含量与1609A单交种相当,显著高于54A单交种,能有效防止制种过程中鸟类啄食。另外三交组合表现明显的杂种优势,产量与单交组合相当;两个三交组合性状变异情况表现不完全相同,除千粒质量变异系数均大于单交组合,株高、穗柄长表现不一,但其变异系数均在9%范围内。【结论】利用杂合不育系组配三交种在提高高粱制种产量和防治鸟啄食上有一定的应用前景。[Objective]This study aimed to solve the problems of low yield,low tannin content,and heavy bird damage of sorghum sterile line 54A in hybrid seed production.[Method]54A and high tannin maintainer line 1609B were used to construct hybrid male sterile line 54A/1609B,and then three male sterile lines 54A,1609A and 54A/1609B were used to construct two triple cross lines and four single cross lines with two restorer lines F235R and TY3560R,respectively.[Results]The seed production yield,bird damage level and tannin content of three-cross and corresponding single-cross combinations were measured,and the agronomic characters of three-cross and corresponding single-cross combinations and their parents were investigated,and the heterosis was analyzed.The results showed that seed production yield of three-cross combinations was significantly higher than that of single-cross combinations.The seed tannin content of triple cross was similar to that of 1609A single,and significantly higher than that of 54A single,which could effectively prevent pecking by birds during seed production.In addition,three crosses showed obvious heterosis,which was similar to that of single crosses.The variation of traits in the two three-cross combinations was not completely the same,except that the variation coefficient of 1000-grain weight was higher than that of the single-cross combinations,and the variation coefficient of plant height and panicle stalk length were different,but they were all less than 9%,indicating that the variation was within a certain range.[Conclusion]It had certain application prospect to use hybrid male sterile line to combine three crosses to improve sorghum seed production yield and prevent bird pecking.

关 键 词：高粱 三交种 鸟害 杂种优势 变异 

分 类 号：S441[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S514[农业科学—植物保护]