城市快速扩张背景下城乡交错区土壤重金属的空间分布特征及影响因素分析  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Impact Factors of Heavy Metals in Peri-urban Soils Under the Background of Fast Urbanization

作　　者：郭佳[1] 靳少非 王库 GUO Jia;JIN Shaofei;WANG Ku(Academy of Digital China(Fujian),Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108;Department of Geographic Sciences,School of Geography and Oceanography,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108;Technology Innovation Center for Monitoring and Restoration Engineering of Ecological Fragile Zone in Southeast China,MNR,Fuzhou 350108)

机构地区：[1]福州大学数字中国研究院(福建),福州350108 [2]闽江学院地理与海洋学院地理科学系,福州350108 [3]自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测治理工程技术创新中心,福州350108

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第17期103-109,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于混合地理权重回归的土壤性质空间预测模型研究”(41271232);自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测治理工程技术创新中心“香根草在生态修复与浅层滑坡灾害治理中的应用研究与示范”(KY-090000-04-2021-009)。

摘　　要：为揭示快速城市化对于城乡交错区土壤质量的影响,以福州市典型城乡交错区为对象,通过分析134个土壤样点中5种重金属元素(Cr、Mn、Cu、Pb、Zn)的含量,采用地统计学的方法研究城乡交错区土壤重金属空间分布特征,应用潜在生态危害指数开展土壤重金属污染评价,并用随机森林模型对其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:5种重金属元素在土壤中的空间变异较大,最大值在空间上不具叠加性。土壤中5种重金属元素潜在生态危害指数的平均值排序依次为:Pb>Cu>Cr>Mn>Zn,Pb和Cu的潜在生态危害指数最高,达到了强生态风险的程度。通过随机森林模型筛选出土壤中5种重金属的影响因素相对重要性,不同重金属受制的影响因素差异较大。研究结果为城市扩张过程中的土壤保护与利用提供参考建议。To reveal the effects of rapid urbanization on soil quality in peri-urban areas in Fuzhou,spatial distribution of five heavy metals(Cr,Mn,Cu,Pb and Zn)in these areas were analyzed from 134 soil samples by geostatistic method.The potential ecological risk index was used to evaluate the pollution degree of soil heavy metal,and the impact factors were analyzed by the random forest model.The results showed that great variations were found among the five heavy metals on spatial distribution pattern.The maximum value of each heavy metal was not accordant in space.The average value of the potential ecological hazard index of the five heavy metals was in the order of Pb>Cu>Cr>Mn>Zn.Pb and Cu had the highest value of potential ecological risk index,which reached the degree of strong ecological risk.The relative importance of the impact factors of the five heavy metals in soil was screened by random forest model,and the impact factors were various for the five heavy metals.The results could provide a scientific basis for soil conservation and utilization in urban expansion process.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 地统计学 空间分布特征 污染评价 城乡交错区 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]