移民概念的辨析及在我国移民管理中的适用建议  

Discrimination of Immigration Concept and Its Application in Immigration Management in China

作　　者：张惠德[1] 杨春霞[1] Zhang Hui-de;Yang Chun-xia(People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《政法学刊》2022年第3期97-106,共10页Journal of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：“移民”这个翻译词给原来习惯于“出入境管理”的官方、学术界和民间在行业或专业词语表达上产生了强烈的冲击,极易引起困惑和歧义。国际上,分歧主要表现在对跨国流动人口的“移民”的概念界定上。国内无论在有关“移民”称谓上,还是在概念的界定上,都存在较多值得商榷的地方。作为人口跨国迁徙行为的“移民”,在主权国家法律、行政管理语境下,指非公民的入境和居留行为;国际组织和学者在论述国际社会人口迁徙的现象和规律时使用的“国际移民(international migration)”可视为“人口跨国(境)迁徙行为”。在中文语境下,为避免歧义,不建议在我国移民管理或移民法中使用“国际移民”的称谓,而主张改称“非公民”。“移民”基本概念的界定,对我国移民管理法的适用对象、移民管理的含义和内容等事项的明晰以及主管机关名称的改变都有启示意义。The translation of words concerning"migration""immigration"and"migrant"into the same Chinese phrase,which is extremely easy to cause confusion and ambiguity,has had a strong impact on the expression in the official,academic and non-governmental circles,which are used to"entry and exit administration".Internationally,differences are mainly manifested in the definition of the concept of migrants.No matter in the Chinese appellations concerning"immigration"or in the definition of the concept,there are still many places worth discussing.As an act of cross-border population migration,"immigration"refers to the entry and residence activities or acts of non-citizens in the context of the laws and administrative management of sovereign countries.The term"international migration"used by international organizations and scholars when discussing the phenomena and regular patterns of population migration in the international community can be regarded as"the behavior of population migration across countries".In the context of China’s migration management and immigration law,in order to avoid ambiguity,it is suggested to use the appellation of"non-citizen"for"subject of cross-border population migration"and not to use the words"immigrant"or"international migrant".The definition of this basic concept has enlightening significance to the clarity of the applicable object of China’s immigration management law,the meaning and content of migration management and the change of the name of the competent authority.

关 键 词：移民管理 移民 非公民 

分 类 号：D631.42[政治法律—政治学]