痴呆照料者对援助标识知晓率与需求度的横断面研究  

Cross-Sectional Study on the Awareness and Demand of Aid Sign in Caregivers of Dementia Patients

作　　者：张淑兰 金莹[1] 赵禾欣[2] 李淑华[1] Zhang Shulan;Jin Ying;Zhao Hexin;Li Shuhua(l,Department of Neurology,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing,100730,China;Department of Nurse,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing,100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院国家老年医学中心中国医学科学院老年医学研究院神经内科,北京100730 [2]北京医院国家老年医学中心中国医学科学院老年医学研究院护理部,北京100730

出　　处：《阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志》2022年第2期148-153,共6页Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

基　　金：国家重大疾病多学科合作诊疗能力建设项目。

摘　　要：目的:调查门诊痴呆照料者对援助标识的知晓率和需求度。方法:采用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估(MOCA)评估患者的痴呆程度,并通过自制问卷对门诊痴呆照料者进行横断面调查。结果:130例痴呆患者中走失组22例,无走失组108例。走失组年龄(80.82±5.14,t=3.036,P=0.003)显著高于无走失组(75.19±8.37);走失组MMSE、MOCA评分(P<0.05)显著低于无走失组。130例痴呆照料者中走失组的护理年限(4.00±2.78,t=2.216,P=0.036)显著高于无走失组(2.62±2.07)。21例痴呆照料者知晓援助标识,知晓率(16.15%),女性照料者知晓率(21.69%,χ^(2)=5.189,P=0.023)显著高于男性照料者(6.38%);照料年限≥5年的照料者知晓率(33.33%,χ^(2)=6.414,P=0.011)显著高于<5年的照料者(12.26%);走失组痴呆照料者知晓率(45.45%,χ^(2)=16.786,P=0.000)显著高于无走失组(10.19%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,照料者性别和是否发生走失是知晓率的影响因素,未发现对需求度有明显影响的因素。93例照料者有使患者佩戴援助标识的意愿,需求度(71.54%)。走失组照料者需求度(100%,χ^(2)=10.536,P=0.000)显著高于无走失组(65.74%)。佩戴意愿显著高于知晓率(χ^(2)=4.412a,P=0.036)。结论:痴呆照料者给患者佩戴援助标识的需求度高,而知晓率偏低,医护工作者需要加强痴呆患者走失相关援助标识的科普工作,不断研究实用的援助标识。Objective: To investigate the awareness and demand of aid sign in caregivers of dementia patients. Methods: The Mini Mental State Scale(MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MOCA) were used to assess the degree of dementia. A cross-sectional survey on caregivers of dementia outpatient was conducted through a self-made questionnaire. Results: A total of 130 questionnaires were completed,among 130 dementia patients, 22 patients had a history of lost were in the lost group,and the other 108 cases were in the non-lost group. The age of the lost group(80.82±5.14, t=3.036, P=0.003) was significantly higher than that of the non-lost group(75.19±8.37);the MMSE and MOCA scores of the lost group(P<0.05) were significantly lower than those of the non-lost group. Among 130 dementia caregivers, the nursing years of the lost group(4.00±2.78, t=2.216, P=0.036) were significantly higher than that of the non-lost group(2.62±2.07). 21 cases of dementia caregivers knew the dementia aid sign, with the awareness rate(16.15%). The awareness rate of female caregivers(21.69%, χ^(2)=5.189, P=0.023)was significantly higher than that of male caregivers(6.38%);The awareness rate of caregivers with more than 5 years of nursing(33.33%,χ^(2)=6.414, P=0.011) was significantly higher than that of caregivers with less than 5 years nursing experience(12.26%);The awareness rate of dementia caregivers in the lost group(45.45%, χ^(2)=16.786, P=0.000) was significant higher than the non-lost group(10.19%). 93 caregivers had the willingness to make the patients wear the aid sign, with the demand rate of(71.54%). The demand rate of caregivers in the lost group(100%,χ^(2)=10.536, P =0.000) was significantly higher than that in the non-lost group(65.74%). The willingness to wear was significantly higher than the awareness rate(χ^(2)=4.412a, P=0.036). Conclusion: The caregivers of dementia patients have a high demand rate to wear the aid sign, but the awareness rate is low. In clinical work, it is necessary to strengthen the popularization of de

关 键 词：痴呆患者照料者 援助标识 知晓率 需求度 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]