电动汽车用无刷直流电机驱动系统研究  

Research of Drive System to Electric Vehicles with Brushless DC Motor

作　　者：李静 张卡 张振杰 Li Jing;Zhang Ka;Zhang Zhenjie(Guangdong Energy Group Guizhou Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,China;Guiyang Aluminum Magnesium Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省能源集团贵州有限公司,贵阳550081 [2]贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2022年第5期102-107,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：针对电动汽车存在启停频繁、电池储能利用率不高的问题,对电动汽车用无刷直流电机驱动系统及其能量回馈进行了研究。通过开发实际的驱动系统装置进行试验研究,采用了前级双向直流变换器与后级三相逆变桥组合的两级变换拓扑结构,其中前级双向直流变换器实现电机调速及能量回馈电流的控制,后级三相逆变桥实现电子换相;同时采用带饱和限制PI控制策略实现电流、转速双闭环控制;进行了前级变换器处于Boost工作模式下的电动运行状态及能量回馈状态下的前级变换器控制策略的试验。试验结果表明,两级拓扑结构的驱动系统具有控制逻辑清晰、便于引入先进控制策略、转矩脉动低、调速范围广、在能量回馈制动时不易断流等特点。Aiming at the problems of frequent start and stop of electric vehicles and low utilization of battery energy,the brushless DC motor drive system and its energy feedback for electric vehicles were studied.Experimental research through the development of actual drive system devices were conducted,and the two-stage conversion topology that used the combination of a front-stage bidirectional DC converter and a rear-stage three-phase inverter bridge were studied.The front-stage bidirectional DC converter realized motor speed and the control of the feedback current,the rear-stage three-phase inverter bridge realized electronic commutation.At the same time,the PI control strategy with saturation limitation was adopted to realize the double closed-loop control of current and speed.The experiments of the control strategy of the front-stage converter under the electric operation state of the front-stage converter in the boost mode and the energy feedback state were carried out.The test results show that the two-stage topology drive system has the characteristics of clear control logic,easy to introduce advanced control strategies,low torque ripple,wide speed range,and not easy to cut off during energy feedback braking.

关 键 词：双向直流变换器 两级拓补 无刷直流电机 回馈制动 电动汽车 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TM33[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]