基于激光扫描的铁路轨面高程信息快速采集研究  

Research on rapid acquisition of railway rail surface elevation information based on laser scanning

作　　者：黄登强 HUANG Dengqiang(China Railwany First Survey And Design Institute Group Co.Ltd,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州铁道设计院有限公司,兰州730000

出　　处：《自动化与仪器仪表》2022年第6期75-79,共5页Automation & Instrumentation

基　　金：自然科学基金:垂直冻结技术在大理深山岭铁路隧道中的应用研究(18JR3RA014)。

摘　　要：现有的测量技术在采集高程信息时误差较大,对信号特征降维处理时难以准确计算误差总和,为提高高程信息测量精度,基于激光扫描设计铁路轨面高程信息快速采集方法。标定激光扫描姿态,在路面上设置若干样本点,通过智能算法感知周边数据信息,通过联合标定的方式,获取轨面上点云的坐标信号。计算信号融合后的相关系数,计算近邻域内所有误差总和,降维铁路轨面点云信号特征。设计轨面高程信息采集算法,计算位置坐标的修正结果,得到铁路轨面高程信息快速采集方法。通过实验验证该方法的精度,在四种高程信息采集方法的误差分析中,激光扫描技术在相同的坐标点下的误差均小于其他方法,可见该方法实现了高程信息采集精度的优化。The existing measurement technology has a large error in collecting elevation information,and it is difficult to accurately calculate the total error when reducing the dimension of signal features.In order to improve the measurement accuracy of elevation information,a rapid acquisition method of railway track surface elevation information is designed based on laser scanning.Calibrating the laser scanning attitude,several sample points is set on the road to perceive the surrounding data information through intelligent algorithm,and the coordinate signal of point cloud on the track surface is obtained through joint calibration.Calculating the correlation coefficient after signal fusion,the sum of all errors is calculated in the nearest neighbor domain,and the dimension of railway track point cloud signal characteristics are reduced.The rail surface elevation information acquisition algorithm is designed,the correction results of position coordinates are calculated,and the fast rail surface elevation information acquisition method is obtained.The accuracy of this method is verified by experiments.In the error analysis of four elevation information acquisition methods,the error of laser scanning technology under the same coordinate point is less than that of other methods.It can be seen that this method realizes the optimization of elevation information acquisition accuracy.

关 键 词：激光扫描 铁路轨面 高程信息 路面高程信息采集 快速采集 

分 类 号：TP274[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] U212.24[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]