加拿大农业再保险制度的经验及对中国的启示  

The Operation Model of Agricultural Reinsurance in Canada and Its Inspiration

作　　者：魏腾达 王克[1,2] 张峭 WEI Tengda;WANG Ke;ZHANG Qiao

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业再保险股份有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《世界农业》2022年第7期38-47,共10页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“农业保险保障水平提升的机理和路径研究:合约设计的视角”(72073132)。

摘　　要：加拿大是世界上农业保险最为发达的国家之一,其农业再保险制度独具特色,功能多样。在中国农业再保险有限公司批准成立的背景下,构建中国政府支持的农业再保险体系迫在眉睫,因此有必要借鉴国际经验,夯实中国农业再保险体系架构。本文通过分析加拿大的农业再保险制度建设发现:加拿大的政府农业再保险除了为直接保险提供再保服务外,还在再保险体系内建立了具有稳定资金规模的风险基金,用于降低重大灾害时保险公司的超额赔付风险;商业再保险在稳定政府再保基金方面贡献显著。结合加拿大的再保险制度经验,本文建议未来中国的农业再保险建设应该建立完备的农业再保险法规,政府应该在农业再保险建设中发挥重要作用,同时形成对再保险人的激励和约束机制。Canada is one of the most developed countries in terms of agricultural insurance,and its agricultural reinsurance system is unique and versatile.Under the background that the China Agricultural Reinsurance Corporation has been approved for establishment,it is urgent to build an agricultural reinsurance system supported by the Chinese government.According to analyzes the construction of Canada’s agricultural reinsurance system,this paper finds that in addition to providing reinsurance services for insurance side,Canadian agricultural reinsurance has also established a risk fund with a stable capital scale to protect insurance companies’over-indemnity risks.Commercial reinsurance has made a significant contribution to stabilizing the government reinsurance fund.Based on the experience of Canada’s reinsurance system,this article suggests that China’s agricultural reinsurance construction should establish complete agricultural reinsurance regulations in the future,and the government should play an important role in agricultural reinsurance construction,and at the same time form an incentive and restraint mechanism for reinsurers.

关 键 词：加拿大 农业再保险 大灾风险分散 

分 类 号：F841[经济管理—保险]