废水综合毒性指标在农药工业水污染物排放标准中的应用研究  

Study on the application of the whole effluent toxicity index in effluent standards for pesticides industry

作　　者：魏玉霞[1] 卢延娜[1] 王海燕[1] 韩梅[1] 余若祯[1] WEI Yuxia;LU Yanna;WANG Haiyan;HAN Mei;YU Ruozhen(Environmental Standards Institute,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境标准研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《给水排水》2022年第6期62-66,共5页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1806300)。

摘　　要：工业废水中的有毒有害污染物成分复杂,仅用常规污染物指标或个别特征污染物指标不能全面有效地评价排水的水质安全性。我国制药工业系列排放标准中仅针对发光细菌规定了基于氯化汞毒性当量浓度的急性毒性排放限值,新近发布的电子工业水污染物排放标准中也仅针对斑马鱼卵给出了排放限值。对于成分复杂的废水仅针对一项生物指标规定排放限值不能全面客观地评价废水综合毒性,农药工业水污染物排放标准制订研究中,在对不同农药企业废水综合毒性进行分类测试并借鉴国外排水毒性相关标准的基础上,针对斑马鱼卵、大型溞、羊角月牙藻和发光细菌四项受试生物首次提出了基于最低无效应稀释倍数(LID)的排放限值,指标限值宽严适当并符合我国经济技术水平。The components of toxic pollutants in industrial wastewater are complex.Only conventional pollutant indexes or individual characteristic pollutant indexes can not effectively evaluate the water quality safety.In the series dischagre standards for pharmaceutical industry,the acute toxicity discharge limit based on the toxic equivalent concentration of HgCl_(2) was only specified for luminescent bacteria,and the newly published discharge standard of water pollutants for electronic industry specifies the dischagre limit only for zebrafish eggs.For wastewater with complex components,the discharge limit was only specified for one species,which can not objectively evaluate the whole effluent toxicity.In the study on the development of water pollutant discharge standards for pesticide industry,based on the test of the toxicity of wastewater from different pesticide enterprises and the experience from the standards of foreign effluent toxicity,the discharge limit based on the lowest ineffective dilution(LID)was proposed for the first time by the four tested organisms of zebrafish eggs,daphnia magna,selenastrum capricornutum and luminescent bacteria.The limit was suitable and in line with China’s economic and technological level.

关 键 词：工业废水 综合毒性 农药 排放标准 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X703