2011-2020年河南省驻马店市发热出疹病例血清IgM抗体检测分析  

Analysis of serum IgM antibody test results of fever and rash cases in Zhumadian city,Henan province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：张禧彦 刘莉莉 刘鹏 余盛南 ZHANG Xiyan;LIU Lili;LIU Peng;YU Shengnan(Zhumadian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhumadian 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市疾病预防控制中心,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2022年第6期443-446,共4页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 对驻马店市2011-2020年发热出疹病例IgM抗体检测结果进行分析,了解其在本地区的流行病学特征,为科学防控麻疹、风疹提供依据。方法 2011-2020年驻马店市疾病预防控制中心共收检全市各县区疾控中心和医院送检的发热出疹病例血清2 981份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对发热出疹病例的血清样本进行IgM抗体检测。结果 检测发热出疹病例血清样本2 981份,麻疹、风疹IgM抗体阳性数分别是283例(9.49%)和33例(1.11%)。麻疹的高发月份是3-6月,风疹是4-5月。不同地区麻疹IgM抗体阳性率存在差异(χ^(2)=34.530,P<0.001),风疹IgM抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P=0.034)。不同年龄组人群麻疹、风疹IgM抗体阳性率存在差异(χ^(2)_(麻疹)=17.268,P_(麻疹)=0.004;χ^(2)_(风疹)=15.384,P_(风疹)=0.009),0~2岁婴幼儿和40岁及以上成人麻疹IgM抗体阳性率较高,分别为10.83%和11.40%。麻疹IgM抗体阳性率较高的是散居儿童(10.15%)和幼托儿童(10.67%),不同职业人群麻疹、风疹阳性率具有差异(χ^(2)_(麻疹)=14.022,P_(麻疹)=0.029;χ^(2)_(风疹)=15.802,P_(风疹)=0.015)。无接种史组的阳性率显著高于有接种史组(χ^(2)=80.462,P <0.001)。结论 驻马店市麻疹、风疹阳性病例数较少,但实现消除疫苗可预防疾病还有一定距离,应继续开展疫苗的常规免疫和强化免疫工作,控制0~2岁的婴幼儿和40岁及以上的成年人麻疹病例的发生。Objective To analyze the IgM antibody test results of fever and rash cases in Zhumadian city from 2011 to 2020,understand their epidemiological characteristics in the region,and provide evidence for scientific prevention and control of measles and rubella.Methods From 2011 to 2020,2 981 serum samples from fever and rash cases were collected by the county/district centers for disease control and prevention(CDC) in the city,and submitted to Zhumadian CDC for testing.IgM antibody was detected in serum samples of fever and rash cases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results A total of 2 981serum samples of fever and rash cases were tested,and the number of IgM antibody positives for measles and rubella was 283cases(9.49%) and 33 cases(1.11%),respectively.The high incidence of measles and rubella occurred from March to June,from April to May,respectively.IgM antibody positive rates of measles by region were significantly different(χ~2=34.530,P<0.001),IgM antibody positive rates of rubella by region were significantly different(P=0.034).The positive rates of measles and rubella IgM antibodies by age groups were significantly different(measles:χ~2=17.268,P =0.004;rubella:χ~2=15.384,P =0.009).The positive rates of measles IgM antibody in infants aged 0-2 years and adults over 40 years old were higher,10.83% and 11.40%,respectively.The positive rate of measles IgM antibody was higher in scattered-living children(10.15%) and children in kindergartens(10.67%).There were differences in the positive rates of measles and rubella among different occupational groups(measles:χ~2=14.022,P =0.029;rubella:χ~2=15.802,P =0.015).The positive rate in the group without vaccination history was higher than that in the group with vaccination history(χ~2=80.462,P<0.001).Conclusion Although the number of measles and rubella positive cases in Zhumadian is small,there is still a long way to eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases.Routine and intensive immunization should be continued to control the incidence of measles cases in

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 IGM抗体 血清学检测 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]