2015-2020年宜兴市手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yixing from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：蒋晨[1] 周建刚[1] 周旭 陆澜 周云杰 石平[2] 张华君[1] JIANG Chen;ZHU Jian-gang;ZHOU Xu;LU Lan;ZHU Yun-jie;SHI Ping;ZHANG Hua-jun(Yixing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu 214200,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宜兴市疾病预防控制中心,江苏214200 [2]无锡市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第6期563-566,570,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：无锡市卫生健康委项目(BJ2020100)。

摘　　要：目的分析2015—2020年宜兴市手足口病流行病学及病原学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出2015—2020年宜兴市手足口病病例数据,从无锡市疾病预防控制中心实验室获取病原学资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对手足口病病例资料进行分析。结果2015—2020年宜兴市共发生手足口病病例11108例,年均发病率145.52/10万,其中重症病例6例;单次发病10147例,多次发病474例。发病时间集中于5—7月和10—12月,分别发病4804例(43.25%)和2974例(26.77%);发病年龄集中于1~5岁,共9197例,占82.80%;发病人群以散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,共10399例,占93.62%;男性病例多于女性,男女性别比1.44∶1,两者发病率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=263.474,P<0.01);城区及城郊5个乡镇/街道与外周13个乡镇/街道累积发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2631.201,P<0.01);不同年份(χ^(2)=365.569,P<0.01)、不同月份(χ^(2)=170.469,P<0.01)病原体构成比差异有统计学意义。结论宜兴市手足口病集中于城区和城郊,需重点完善该地区的防控策略和措施;流行毒株正在发生改变,Cox A6将可能成为主要的流行毒株之一。Objective To provide the scientific basis of prevention and control strategies for hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)by analyzing the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of HFMD in Yixing from 2015 to 2020.Methods The data of HFMD cases were exported from China′s Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2015 to 2020,the etiological data were from the laboratory of Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of cases with HFMD.Results A total of 11108 HFMD cases with a mean annual incidence rate of 145.52/100000 attacked in Yixing from 2015 to 2020,there were 6 severe cases,10147 cases with single onset and 474 patients with repeated onset.The onset time of HFMD intensively occurred in May to July and October to December with 4804 cases(43.25%)and 2974 cases(26.77%)respectively.The age of HFMD cases concentrated in 1-5 years old with a total of 9197 cases,accounting for 82.80%.The onset population of HFMD cases concentrated in scattered children and nursery children with a total of 10399 cases,accounting for 93.62%;there were more male cases than females with a gender ratio of 1.44∶1,and the difference in the incidence rate between men and women was statistically significant(χ^(2)=263.474,P<0.01);the difference of cumulative incidence rate between 5 towns/streets in urban and suburban areas and 13 towns/streets around was statistically significant(χ^(2)=2631.201,P<0.01).The difference in pathogen constituent ratio during different years(χ^(2)=365.569,P<0.01)and in different months(χ^(2)=170.469,P<0.01)were statistically significant.Conclusion HFMD is concentrated in urban and suburban areas in Yixing,hence it is necessary to improve the prevention and control strategies and measures in the areas.The epidemic strains of HFMD in Yixing are changing,Cox A6 may become one of the main epidemic strains.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 分析 重症病例 多次发病 预防控制 柯萨奇病毒A6 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]