2014-2019年广西手足口病重症病例流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristic of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangxi from 2014 to 2019

作　　者：张超 曾竣[1] 王晶[1] 居昱[1] 陈加贵 何为涛[1] 康宁[1] 闭福银[1] 谭毅[1] ZHANG Chao;ZENG Jun;WANG Jing;JU Yu;CHEN Jia-gui;HE Wei-tao;KANG Ning;BI Fu-yin;TAN yi(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第6期594-597,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目—广西高发地区手足口病重症病例危险因素研究(S2018112)。

摘　　要：目的了解2014—2019年广西重症手足口病病例流行特征,为科学防治重症手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2014—2019年广西手足口病重症病例个案信息进行分析。结果2014—2019年广西重症手足口病发病主要集中在2014年、2016年和2017年,分别为3939、3538、3738例,合计占重症病例总数的85.87%。梧州市、南宁市、钦州市、百色市和桂林市重症病例数居广西前5位,分别为4298、3541、1200、1105和896例,占重症病例总数的84.53%;季节分布主要集中在每年的4—7月和9—10月;发病年龄主要集中在<5岁儿童(12907例,98.82%),男女病例数之比为1.70∶1,<3岁儿童占91.09%、散居儿童占90.38%;对11611例重症手足口病病例进行实验室检测,阳性9288例(79.99%),其中EV 71阳性4508例(48.54%),Cox A16阳性767例(8.26%),其他肠道病毒阳性4013例(43.21%);2757例重症确诊病例中无接种史2634例(95.54%),有接种史123例(5例为EV 71导致)。结论2014—2019年广西手足口重症病例优势血清型为EV 71,2017年后重症手足口病EV 71血清型占比降低,个别县区重症发生率远超全区平均水平,提示需进一步探索重症危险因素。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Guangxi from 2014 to 2019,and provide a scientific basis for the scientific prevention and treatment of severe HFMD.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze case information of severe HFMD case in Guangxi from 2014 to 2019.Results The incidence of HFMD severe in Guangxi from 2014 to 2019 was mainly concentrated in 2014,2016 and 2017,with 3939,3538 and 3738 cases respectively,together accounting for 85.87%of the total number of severe cases.Wuzhou,Nanning,Qinzhou,Baise and Guilin City ranked among the top five in Guangxi,in terms of the number of serious cases,with 4298,3541,1200,1105 and 896 cases respectively,accounting for 84.53%of the total number of serious cases.The seasonal distribution is mainly during April-July and September-October each year,the age of onest is mainly in children<5 years old(12907 cases,98.82%),the ratio of male to female cases is 1.70∶1,91.09%of children<3 years old and 90.38%of children in the diaspora.Among 11611 samples,the positive cases was 9288,the positive rate was 79.99%.There were 4508 cases of EV 71,accounting for 48.54%,767 cases positive of Cox A16,accounting for 8.26%and 4013 positive for other enteroviruses,accounting for 43.21%.Among the 2757 confirmed severe cases,there were 2634 cases(95.54%)without vaccination history,and 123 cases with vaccination history(5 cases due to EV 71).Conclusion The dominant serotype of severe HFMD cases in Guangxi from 2014 to 2019 is EV 71.After 2017,the proportion of EV 71 serotype in severe HFMD decreased,with the incidence of severe disease in individual counties far exceeding the regional average,suggesting that further exploration of the risk factors for severe disease should be conducted.

关 键 词：手足口病 重症病例 流行特征 病原学 EV 71 Cox A16 其他肠道病毒 EV 71疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]