2019年肇庆市187个农村集中式供水工程水质结果及影响因素分析  

Analysis on water quality results and influence factors of 187 centralized rural water projects in Zhaoqing City in 2019

作　　者：廖雅芬 叶坚[1] 杨业洲[1] 傅小彩 孙勇[1] 吴达成 LIAO Ya-fen;YE Jian;YANG Ye-zhou;FU Xiao-cai;SUN Yong;WU Da-cheng(Zhaoqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong526000,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市疾病预防控制中心,广东526000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第5期477-481,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广东省卫生健康委关于印发2019年省级财政补助疾病预防控制类项目(奥卫函[2019]583号)。

摘　　要：目的了解肇庆市农村生活饮用水卫生现状,探讨水质影响因素。方法2019年对肇庆市7个县(市、区)187个农村供水工程开展水质监测,按《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》GB/T 5750—2006检验,水质结果按《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB 5749—2006评价,率的比较采用卡方检验进行单因素分析,采用二元Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果共监测农村生活饮用水758份,合格率为41.82%。水质主要不合格指标为微生物指标,总大肠菌群、菌落总数合格率分别为53.03%、75.86%,总大肠菌群的耐热大肠菌群检出率为87.08%;感官性状和一般化学指标中浑浊度、pH、肉眼可见物、色度、铝、耗氧量、铁也存在超标现象,合格率为83.38%~99.74%。单因素和多因素分析结果显示,城乡一体化供水水样合格的可能性是农村供水的27.114倍,经常规处理的水样合格的可能性是未经处理水样的1.892倍,大型水厂饮水合格的可能性是小型水厂的1.533倍,建成时间每增加一年水样合格的可能性增加3.1%。结论影响农村地区水质的主要为微生物指标,其次为感官性状和一般化学指标,水处理方式、工程建成时间、水厂规模、是否为城乡一体化供水是水质的影响因素。建议完善工程水处理工艺,按规范要求做好饮用水净化消毒,形成规模化供水局域网,改善农村生活饮用水水质。Objective To discuss the factors of water quality by understanding the sanitation status of rural drinking water in Zhaoqing.Methods The water quality of 187 rural water supply projects in 7 counties(cities,districts),Zhaoqing in 2019 was monitored according to GB/T 5750—2006 Inspection Method for Hygiene Standard of Drinking Water,and the water quality results were evaluated according to GB 5749—2006 Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water.The pass rate was compared by means of the chi-square test for single-factor analysis,and the binary regression equation was utilized for multivariate analysis on the factors for water quality.Results A total of 758 samples of rural drinking water with a pass rate of 41.82%were monitored.Major nonconformance indexes for water quality were microbiological index.The pass rate of total coliforms and total number of colonies was 53.03%and 75.86%,respectively.The positive rate of heat-resistant coliforms in the total coliform group was 87.08%.The turbidity,pH,megascopic substance,chroma,aluminum,oxygen consumption,and iron amid sensory properties and general chemical indexes were found to be out of limits.The pass rate ranged between 83.38%and 99.74%.The univariate and multivariate analysis results of drinking water showed that the probability of compliance for urban-rural integrated water supply was 27.114 times that of rural water supply,and the probability of compliance for conventionally treated drinking water was 1.892 times that of untreated water samples,and the probability of compliance for the large-sized water plant was 1.533 times that of the small-sized water plant,and the probability of compliance increases by 3.1%for every additional year of completion time.Conclusion The major factors effecting the water quality in rural regions are microbial indexes,followed by sensory indexes and general chemical indexes.Water treatment mode,project completion time,water plant scale,and availability of integrated urban-rural water supply are factors of water quality.It is recomme

关 键 词：农村 集中式供水 水质 卫生 监测 影响因素 LOGISTIC回归 分析 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]