全面依法治国视域下司法行政职能的时代转向及其优化  

The Era Turn and Optimization of Judicial Administrative Function from the Perspective of Comprehensively Governing the Country by Law

作　　者：喻少如 Yu Shaoru

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院(监察法学院)

出　　处：《社会科学》2022年第4期166-179,共14页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“全面依法治国视域下司法行政职能定位及作用发挥问题研究”(项目编号:20JZD021)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在全面依法治国背景下,我国司法行政职能正经历从“司法的行政”到“全面法治事务管理”的时代转向,新的司法行政职能定位设定了司法行政工作服务于全面依法治国战略全局的新基点,呈现出广泛性、法律性与统一性的特点。司法行政职能的这种新定位不仅与西方司法行政权力配置模式和理念有所不同,也与我国传统认识中“司法行政乃附随于司法职权之行政”的定位大相径庭。根据2018年党和国家机构改革的精神,我国司法行政职能调整严格遵循党的领导的政治逻辑、效能提升的治理逻辑和一体建设的法治逻辑。囿于司法行政工作的“繁杂性”与“不确定性”,司法行政改革中的“一个统筹”尚未充分实现,司法行政机关的服务作用尚需进一步阐释,“四权关系”也要进一步厘清,这是制约我国司法行政职能转变和优化的主要因素。基于功能主义的国家权力配置原理,应当从完善司法行政统筹职能、优化公共法律服务体系和健全司法行政职权动态配置模式等方面进一步推进我国司法行政的改革进程。Under the background of Comprehensively Governing the Country by Law, China’s judicial administrative function is going through the era turn from “administration of justice” to “comprehensive rule-of-law affairs management”. The new orientation of judicial administrative function sets a new starting point for judicial administrative work to serve the overall situation of the strategy of comprehensively governing the country by law,showing the characteristics of extensiveness,legality and unity. The new orientation of judicial administrative function differs itself from the western idea and model of judicial administrative power allocation as well as the traditional orientation in China that judicial administration refers to the administration attached to judicial authority.In the spirit of Party and State institutional reform in 2018, the adjustment of judicial administrative functions in China strictly follows the political logic of Party Leadership, the governance logic of efficiency improvement and the rule of law logic of integrated construction. Limited by the complexity and uncertainty of judicial administration, the “single overall coordination” in judicial administrative reform has not been fully realized, the service role of judicial administrative institutions needs further elaboration, and the “four powers relationship” needs further clarification.These constitute the main factors restricting the transformation and optimization of judicial administrative functions in China. Based on the Functionalist principle of state power allocation, we should further promote the reform process of judicial administration in China from the aspects of strengthening the overall coordination function of judicial administration, optimizing the public legal service system and perfecting the dynamic allocation model of judicial administrative competence.

关 键 词：全面依法治国 司法行政 全面法治事务管理 职能优化 

分 类 号：D926.1[政治法律—法学]