陕西省小麦白粉菌群体毒性结构及遗传多样性  

Virulence and genetic diversity of Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici population in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：李莹 马康杰 宫丹丹[1] 吴蕾[1] 李强[1] 王保通[1] LI Ying;MA Kangjie;GONG Dandan;WU Lei;LI Qiang;WANG Baotong(College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F university,State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2022年第3期396-403,共8页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300705、2018YFD0200404、2018YFD0200501);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303016)。

摘　　要：为明确陕西省小麦白粉菌群体的毒性频率和遗传多样性,利用34个含有已知抗白粉病基因的小麦品种(系)和5对多态性ISSR分子标记,分别对2016年渭南、西安、咸阳、宝鸡、汉中和安康等6市的15个乡镇160个小麦白粉菌单孢子堆菌株进行毒性频率分析。结果显示:供试小麦白粉菌群体对Pm1、Pm2、Pm3b、Pm3c、Pm3e、Pm3f、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm19和Pm1+2+19的毒性频率在60%~100%之间,表明这些抗性基因已丧失抗性,在生产上已经丧失利用价值,对Pm4b、Pm24、Pm2+6、Pm2+Mld、Pm2+6+?、Pm4b+Mli、Pm"Era"、Pm"XBD"和Pm21的毒性频率低于20%,表明这些抗性基因抗性良好,可在生产中利用。选取其中93个单孢子堆菌株进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明白粉菌地理群体间遗传距离在0.0204~0.1037之间,其中宝鸡和渭南群体的遗传距离最近,汉中和咸阳群体的遗传距离最远。群体间遗传变异占总体变异的12.82%,群体内遗传变异占87.12%,表明遗传变异主要来自于群体内。Mantel Test分析表明,小麦白粉菌群体间遗传距离与地理距离相关性不大。To identify the virulence frequency and genetic diversity of Blumeria graminis f.sp.Tritici population,34 wheat Cultivars(lines)with known Powdery mildew resistance genes and 5 pairs of ISSR markers were used in the study of virulence frequency and genetic diversity of isolates in Shaanxi Province respectively.The genetic diversity of 160 isolates from 15 towns in 6 cities,including Weinan,Xi′an,Xianyang,Baoji,Hanzhong and Ankang,Shaanxi Province,were collected in 2016.Results showed that the virulence frequencies of the resistance genes Pm1,Pm2,Pm3 b,Pm3 c,Pm3 e,Pm3 f,Pm6,Pm7,Pm8,Pm19 and Pm1+2+19 were 60%-100%,which meaned the Pm genes have lost resistance and value in production.While the virulence frequencies of Pm4 b,Pm24,Pm2+6,Pm2+Mld,Pm2+6+?,Pm4 b+Mli,Pm"Era",Pm"XBD"and Pm21 were less than 20%,which indicated the Pm genes have good resistance and value in wheat breeding.The analysis of 93 strains shows that the genetic distances were between 0.0204-0.1037,and the lowest value was between Baoji and Weinan,while the highest value was between Hanzhong and Xianyang.The genetic variation between populations accounted for 12.82%of the total variation,and the genetic variation within the population accounted for 87.12%,indicating that the genetic variation mainly come from within the population.Mantel Test illustrated that the genetic distance of wheat powdery mildew had little correlation with geographic distance.

关 键 词：陕西省 小麦白粉菌 毒性频率 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S435.121.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]