不同水分处理对小麦光合特性及灌浆特性的影响  

Effects of Different Water Control Treatment on Photosynthetic and Grain Filling Characteristics of Winter Wheat

作　　者：严美玲[1] 郑建鹏[1] 殷岩[1] 王新语[1] 辛庆国[1] 卢建声 姜鸿明[1] 孔军杰 孙晓辉[1] Yan Meiling;Zheng Jianpeng;Yin Yan;Wang Xinyu;Xin Qingguo;Lu Jiansheng;Jiang Hongming;Kong Junjie;Sun Xiaohui(Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai 264500,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台264500

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第6期55-59,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部财政部“国家小麦产业技术体系烟台综合试验站”(CARS-3-2-23);国防科工局核能开发科研项目“小麦核辐射生物诱变产品创制与示范”(科工二司[2021]870号);烟台市科技计划项目“矮败小麦育种群体的构建与利用”(2019MSGY121)。

摘　　要：本试验以超高产小麦新品种烟农1212为供试品种,以济麦22为对照,设置2个水分处理(灌溉处理W:水分含量70%~75%;干旱处理D:水分含量60%~65%),研究防雨棚盆栽条件下不同水分处理对超高产小麦旗叶光合特性及灌浆特性的影响。结果表明:两品种花后旗叶叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)在不同水分处理下变化趋势基本一致,即先升高后降低。干旱处理下,烟农1212叶绿素含量显著高于济麦22,且高于灌溉处理。同一水分处理下,烟农1212旗叶净光合速率显著高于济麦22。两品种花后小麦旗叶PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)的变化趋势基本一致,即先升高后降低。开花15天后,烟农1212最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)高于济麦22。花后两品种旗叶光化学猝灭系数(qP)呈降低趋势,同一水分处理下开花期至花后20天,烟农1212旗叶光化学猝灭系数(qP)高于济麦22。同一水分处理下,烟农1212的千粒重最大值和灌浆持续期均明显高于济麦22。With high-yielding wheat cultivar Yannong 1212 as test material and Jimai 22 as control, two water treatments(W and D) were set to study their effects on flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics and grain filling characteristics. The W treatment was controlling soil moisture at 70%~75%, and the D treatment was controlling soil moisture at 60%~65% under a rain shelter using pot assay. The results showed that the changes of chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(Pn) in flag leaves of the two wheat varieties were basically same under different water conditions, and there was a tendency to increase first and then decrease. The chlorophyll content of Yannong 1212 was significantly higher than that of Jimai 22 under D treatment, and also higher than that under W treatment. The Pn in flag leaves of Yannong 1212 was significantly higher than that of Jimai 22 under the same water control treatment. The change trend of PSⅡ potential activity(Fv/Fo) in flag leaves after anthesis of the two cultivars was basically the same as increasing first and then decreasing. The Fv/Fm of Yannong 1212 was higher than that of Jimai 22 after 15 days of flowering. The qP of flag leaves of the two wheat cultivars decreased after anthesis, and it was higher in Yannong 1212 compared with Jimai 22 at the 20 th day after anthesis. Under the same water control treatment, the maximum 1 000-grain weight and grain filling duration of Yannong 1212 were significantly higher than those of Jimai 22.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 小麦 光合特性 灌浆特性 烟农1212 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]