敞开式环式焙烧炉热平衡研究  

The study on thermal equilibrium of open-type baking furnace

作　　者：邓超[1] DENG Chao(Guiyang Aluminum Magnesium Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《世界有色金属》2022年第9期169-171,共3页World Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：阳极焙烧是铝用预焙阳极生产过程的最后一道工序,也是最为关键的工序之一,该工序对最终成品质量高低、成品合格率以及成品一级品率等关键参数有着决定性作用。在整个阳极焙烧工序中,焙烧炉是最为关键和核心的设备,焙烧炉性能的优劣直接决定着阳极焙烧工序的合理性与先进性。本文选取三座典型的敞开式环式焙烧炉分别作为研究对像,对该三座焙烧炉运行过程中的热平衡进行了细致的研究,通过研究发现,三座焙烧炉的热效率均在25%~28%之间;燃料燃烧和生制品带入的化学反应热占焙烧炉热量收入的85%左右;焙烧成品带出的热量和炉体蓄热占热量支出的52%以上;充分燃烧烟气中的沥青挥发分能够有效降低焙烧炉的天然气消耗量,从而达到节能降耗的目的;通过优化焙烧炉结构、选用蓄热量更少的节能材料等方式,降低焙烧炉炉体蓄热,能够有效提高焙烧炉的热效率,这将是新型节能环保型敞开式焙烧炉的最主要研究方向之一。Anode baking is the last process and one of the most critical processes in the production process of pre-baked anode for aluminum.This process plays a decisive role in the key parameters such as the quality,the qualified rate and the first-class rate of pre-baked anode.In the anode baking process,the baking furnace is the most critical and core equipment.The performance of the baking furnace determines the rationality and the advanced nature of the anode baking process.In this paper,three open-type baking furnaces are selected as the research objects,and the thermal equilibrium during the operation of the three furnaces is studied in detail.It is found that the thermal efficiency of the 3 furnaces is between 25%~28%,the chemical reaction heat brought in by fuel combustion and raw products accounts for about 85%of the heat income of the roaster,and the heat brought out by the baked products and the heat stored in the furnace body account for more than 52%of the heat expenditure.The asphalt volatile in the flue gas is burned fully,which can effectively reduce the natural gas consumption of the baking furnace,so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.By optimizing the baking furnace structure and selecting energy-saving materials with less heat storage capacity,the heat storage of the baking furnace is reduced and the thermal efficiency of the baking furnace can be improved efficiently,which will be one of the main research directions of the new energy-saving and environmental friendly open baking furnace.

关 键 词：铝用预焙阳极 敞开式环式焙烧炉 热平衡 阳极焙烧 

分 类 号：TF806.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]